Tatyana Grigorievna Gnedich (January 17 ( 30 ), 1907 [1] , village of Kuzemin , Zenkovsky district , Poltava province , now Akhtyrsky district , Sumy region - November 7, 1976 , Pushkin ) - Russian translator and poetess.
| Tatyana Grigorievna Gnedich | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | January 17 (30), 1907 |
| Place of Birth | Poltava province |
| Date of death | November 7, 1976 (aged 69) |
| Place of death | Pushkin |
| Citizenship (citizenship) | |
| Occupation | poet , translator |
| Language of Works | Russian |
Content
Biography
Born into a noble family , the great-great-great-granddaughter of Nikolai Gnedich , the famous translator of the Iliad . In 1930 she entered the Faculty of Philology of Leningrad State University, worked as a literary consultant, subsequently taught English and literature at the Oriental Institute and other universities of Leningrad, was engaged in poetic translations (mainly from English).
She lived throughout the blockade in Leningrad, in 1942-1943 she worked as a military translator.
In 1944 she was arrested on trumped-up charges, sentenced to 10 years in camps; in 1956 rehabilitated.
During the investigation, in the solitary confinement of the prison, Gnedich managed to carry out the most significant translation work of his life - the translation of Byron’s poem Don Juan . Unable to use books, Gnedich for a long time translated the text from memory, keeping in mind her own translation [2] . After her release, the translation was published in 1959 in mass circulation and brought fame to the author [3] . The translation has been reprinted many times. Tatyana Grigorievna Gnedich also translated Shakespeare , Walter Scott , Cornel, and others.
She taught literary translation for many years; a significant number of translators of the 1960s generation consider themselves to be her students.
In 1957, she headed the poetry translation workshop at the Pushkin House of Culture. The seminar lasted until 1976, consisting of: Vasily Betaki , Georgy Ben , Irina Komarova, Galina Usova , Vladimir Vasiliev , David Shraer-Petrov , Alexander Shcherbakov ; other members added later. The poetess Julia Voznesenskaya calls Tatyana Gnedich his "first and only teacher in poetry" [4] .
In the same years, a circle of young poets was formed around Gnedich, many of whom became leading poets of the Leningrad underground . Among them - Victor Shirali , Victor Krivulin , Yuri Alekseev , Boris Kupriyanov , Konstantin Kuzminsky and Peter Cheygin . Gnedich personified the connection of times for them and was a kind of arbiter of taste, influencing young authors not only with his judgments, but also with his personality [5] .
All my life I wrote poems that were almost never published; book of her selected poems “Studies. Sonnets ”came out a few months after her death.
Notes
- ↑ Pavlikova E.A., Usova G.S. GNEDICH Tatyana Grigoryevna // Russian literature of the XX century. Prose writers, poets, playwrights. Bibliographic dictionary: in 3 volumes. - M .: OLMA-PRESS Invest, 2005. - T. 1. - S. 505-508.
- ↑ Etkind E.G. Poetry and translation. - Soviet writer, 1963. - S. 179-180.
- ↑ Etkind E.G. Voluntary Cross // New Newspaper. - M. , 2011 .-- August 24. - No. 93 .
- ↑ Anthology of the newest Russian poetry “At the Blue Lagoon”. Volume 5B. Case files of Yulia Voznesenskaya
- ↑ Anthology of the newest Russian poetry “At the Blue Lagoon” . Newtonville, Mass. . Comp. K. Kuzminsky and G. Kovalev. (1983. T. 4B.).
Books
- Etudes. Sonnets / Foreword by M. Dudin. - L.: Lenizdat, 1977 .-- 88 p.
- Cruel grass / Illustrations G. A. V. Traugot . - St. Petersburg: Agate. 2002.
- Pages of captivity and pages of glory: [collection of works and translations of the author and memoirs about her]. - SPb. : Genio loci, 2008. - 431 p., [8] p. silt - ISBN 978-5-9900655-7-4 .
Links
- Pavlikova E.A., Usova G.S. GNEDICH Tatyana Grigoryevna // Russian literature of the XX century. Prose writers, poets, playwrights. Bibliographic dictionary: in 3 volumes. - M .: OLMA-PRESS Invest, 2005. - T. 1. - S. 505-508.
- David Shraer-Petrov . Hermit from Tsarskoye Selo. In the book. Friends and shadows. - New York .: Liberty, 1989. - S. 268—272; reprinted in the book. Vodka with cakes. - St. Petersburg .: Academic project, 2007. —P. 163-166.
- Tatyana Gnedich on the website "Age of Translation"
- Tatyana Gnedich , essay by Galina Usova
- The Unserviceable Muse of Tatyana Grigoryevna Gnedich , Essay by George Ben
- Volunteer Cross , essay by Efim Etkind
- Again Casanova , Vasily Betaki’s memoirs, part two, chapter “T. G. Gnedich and her seminar "