Elihu Root ( Eng. Elihu Root ; February 15, 1845, New York State - February 7, 1937 , New York) - American politician and statesman, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize for 1912.
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Elihu root | |||||||
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The president | Theodore Roosevelt | ||||||
Predecessor | John hey | ||||||
Successor | Robert Bacon | ||||||
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The president | William McKinley Theodore Roosevelt | ||||||
Predecessor | Russell Alger | ||||||
Successor | William Taft | ||||||
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Birth | Clinton, New York , United States | ||||||
Death | New York City , New York , USA | ||||||
Burial place | Hamilton College Cemetery (New York) | ||||||
Father | Ouren Ruth I | ||||||
Spouse | Clara Wales | ||||||
The consignment | Republican | ||||||
Education | Hamilton College Columbia University Law School | ||||||
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Awards | ![]() | ||||||
Content
Biography
Born in Clinton, New York, into the family of Oren Ruta and Nancy Whitney Buttrick. His father was a professor of mathematics at Hamilton College ( eng. Hamilton College ), who in 1864 graduated with honors from Elihu Root. In 1867, he graduated from the Law School of the University of New York ( eng. NYU Law ). Practiced law. Mason [3] .
In 1878, Ruth married Claire Francis Wales, daughter of Scientific American magazine editor.
In 1883-1885 he served as prosecutor of the southern district of New York.
In 1899-1904 served as US Secretary of War under Presidents McKinley and Roosevelt . He founded the as Minister of Defense , expanded the Military Academy at West Point, and strengthened federal control over the National Guard .
In 1905, after the death of John Hay, President Roosevelt appointed Ruta as Secretary of State . As secretary of state, he reformed consular service, supported the “open door” policy in the Far East . In 1906, he attended the 3rd - in Rio de Janeiro , urging the governments of Latin American countries to participate in the Hague Peace Conference . In 1907, he organized the Central American Peace Conference in Washington. In 1908, he concluded a Ruta-Takahira agreement with Japan ( English Root – Takahira Agreement ).
In the years 1909-1915. Ruth was the senator from New York. In 1917, after the February Revolution in Russia, Ruth was sent to Russia on a special mission, which besides him included Vice President of the American Federation of Labor James Duncan ( English James Duncan ), socialist Charles Russell ( English Charles Edward Russell ), General Hugh Scott ( Eng. Hugh L. Scott ), Admiral James Glennon , New York Banker S. Bertron ( Eng. SR Bertron ), President of the company for the production of mechanical harvesters "International Harvester Company" Cyrus McCormick ( Cyrus H. McCormick ) , YMCA activist John Mott and earlier industrialist Charles Crest, who arrived in Russia yn
He was one of the founders of the Council on Foreign Relations [4] .
Participated in the Paris Peace Conference . In 1921—1922 Ruth represented the United States at the Washington Maritime Conference .
Works
- Citizen's Part in Government. Yale University Press, 1911.
- Experiments in the Government and the Essentials of the Constitution. Princeton University Press, 1913.
- Addresses on International Subjects. Harvard University Press, 1916.
- Military and Colonial Policy of the United States. Harvard University Press, 1916.
- Miscellaneous Addresses. Harvard University Press, 1917.
- Men and Policies: Addresses by Elihu Root. Harvard University Press, 1925.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- А. Smolin A.V. Two admirals: A.I. Nepenin and A.V. Kolchak in 1917. - SPb. : “Dmitry Bulanin”, 2012. - p. 184. - 200 p. : il. - ISBN 978-5-86007-700-3 .
- ↑ Ovinnikov R. S. Wall Street and Foreign Policy // Chapter III. Apparatus holding . - M .: International Relations , 1980.
Links
- RTH (Root), Elihu. // Nobel Prize Winners: Encyclopedia: Trans. from English - M .: Progress, 1992.
- Works Elihu Root in the project "Gutenberg"
- The United States and the war, The Mission to Russia (1918) - Collection of speeches during a trip to Russia