John Everett Mille (also sometimes Miles [1] ; English John Everett Millais , June 8, 1829 - August 13, 1896 ) is a major English painter , one of the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood .
| John Everett Millet | |
|---|---|
 Self portrait | |
| Date of Birth | June 8, 1829 |
| Place of Birth | Southampton |
| Date of death | August 13, 1896 (67 years old) |
| A place of death | London |
| A country | |
| Genre | painting |
| Study | Royal Academy of Arts |
| Style | pre-Raphaelitism |
| Patrons | John Ruskin |
| Awards | |
Content
- 1 Biography
- 1.1 Academy, Brotherhood of Pre-Raphaelites
- 1.2 After the collapse of the fraternity
- 2 Pictures
- 3 notes
- 4 References
Biography
Millet was born in Southampton and began to study drawing nine years of age [2] . In 1838 , when his abilities became apparent, the family moved to London [3] .
Academy, Brotherhood of Pre-Raphaelites
In December 1840, at the age of 11, Millet entered the Royal Academy of Arts , becoming the youngest student in the history of the Academy [3] . Johnny studied at the academy for six years. In 1843, he received a silver medal for drawing. By the age of fifteen, he already had a fine command of the brush. In 1846, his historical painting "Pizarro Captures the Peruvian Incas" was selected for the summer exhibition of the Academy. As a result, criticism recognized her as the best at the entire academic exhibition of that year.
The following year he received a gold medal for the painting “Attack of the Benjamin tribe on the daughters of Siloam” [2] . In 1848, at one of the exhibitions, Millet met Holman Hunt and Dante Gabriel Rossetti and, together with them, founded the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood .
His early works are characterized by considerable detail, in particular, the picture " Christ in the Parents' House " ( English Christ In The House Of His Parents , 1850 , London ), which was considered overly realistic and was called "outrageous" in The Times . However, Millet was not embarrassed, and he continued his work among the Pre-Raphaelites. In fact, the technical perfection of Millet’s paintings immediately distinguished him from other painters, so Millet’s works were always accepted at the Academy’s exhibitions, no matter how radical they were [3] . He was also supported by critic John Ruskin , who immediately saw outstanding talent in Mill.
In the summer of 1853, Ruskin and his wife Effie invited Millet to go together for the summer to Glenfinlas . Millet and Effie fell in love, and after her scandalous divorce from Ruskin [4] they got married.
After the collapse of the brotherhood
Marriage changed Mille: to support the family, he had to create paintings faster and in larger quantities, as well as expensive to sell them. Millet completely denied the views and ideas of pre-Raphaelitism : in particular, the painting “Sir Izyumbras” ( 1857 ), where the artist strongly departed from the Pre-Raphaelite technique, Ruskin called “not even a failure, but a catastrophe” [5] . In exchange, Millet gained enormous popularity and enormous wealth, earning up to 30 thousand pounds per year [5] . He became a portrait painter, partly a landscape painter [2] (moreover, Millet painted landscapes not on order, but as a hobby for himself [6] ) and became the first English artist to receive the title of baronet (in 1885 ). In 1896, he was elected president of the Royal Academy of Arts . In portraits, Millet depicts, as a rule, famous people who occupy high public posts [5] .
Currently, Millet is one of the most beloved British artists of the mid- 19th century [6] .
The most famous painting is Ophelia ( Eng. Ophelia , 1851 - 1852 ), which depicts Rossetti's beloved Elizabeth Siddal . Another famous painting "Ripe Cherry" ("Cherry Ripe", 1879, now a private collection), depicting a four-year-old girl dressed as Penelope Boothby , is based on a painting by Joshua Reynolds . She not only enjoyed success with the inhabitants, but also gave rise to a large number of imitations, copies, and even caricatures.
Pictures
- 1848 - “ The Death of Romeo and Juliet ” (The Art Gallery of Manchester , [1] )
- 1848-49 - Isabella / Isabella
- 1850 - Christ In The House Of His Parents ( Tate Gallery , London , [2] )
- 1851 - Mariana
- 1852 - Ophelia or The Death of Ophelia [2] / Ophelia ( Tate Gallery , London, [3] )
- 1856 - Autumn Leaves / Autumn Leaves
- 1862 - Trust Me / Trust Me
- 1868 - Vanessa / Vanessa
- 1873 - “Firewood for the Winter” / Winter Fuel (Manchester Art Gallery, [4] )
- 1873 - Portrait of Effie Millais
- 1874 - The North-West Passage ( The Tate Gallery , London)
- 1875 - “October Chill” / Chill October ( collection of Andrew Lloyd-Webber , [5] )
- 1886 - Soap Bubbles / Bubbles ( Lady Lever Art Gallery , Liverpool , [6] )
Notes
- ↑ Surname pronounced in the manner of the French language : Merriam-Webster OnLine . In Russian sources, Milles is often found.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Millet, John // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Tate Britain | Past Exhibitions | Millais
- ↑ Art Guide. / Ed. Jan Chilvers. Per. from English E. Dorman et al. - M.: Rainbow , 2002. - ISBN 5-05-005088-X
- ↑ 1 2 3 Shestakov V.P. Pre-Raphaelites: dreams of beauty. - M .: Progress-Tradition, 2004. ISBN 5-89826-217-2 .
- ↑ 1 2 Ekaterina Belyaeva. Fruits for family reasons. John Milles exhibition opened in Amsterdam. - The newspaper "Culture" No. 9, March 12, 2008, p. fifteen