Aleksey (Aleksandr) Semenovich Agafonov ( April 1746 - April 22 [ May 3 ] 1792 , St. Petersburg , according to other sources [1] - 1794 , Kyakhta ) - one of the first Russian sinologists .
| Alexey (Alexander) Semenovich Agafonov | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | 1746 |
| Date of death | April 22 ( May 3 ) 1792 |
| Place of death | St. Petersburg |
| Nationality |  Russian empire |
| Occupation | Sinologist , translator |
Content
Confusion named
According to the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, the name of Agafonov is Alexander [1] , according to the Russian Biographical Dictionary of A. A. Polovtsov and the “Dictionary of the Russian Language of the 18th Century” edited by A. M. Panchenko, the name of Agafonov is Alex [2] [3]
Biography
A native of Siberia, belonged to the spiritual estate [3] . He studied at the Tobolsk seminary and in 1769 [1] was sent under the command of Archimandrite Nikolai (Tsveta) as part of the sixth [2] spiritual mission in Beijing as a student [3] to study Chinese and Manchu languages, from which he translated [1] .
He stayed in China from 1771 to 1782 [3] [2] . Together with students A. Paryshev, F. Baksheev and Y. Korkin, compiled a “ Journal of secret actions, intentions, cases and changes that existed in the Taician state from 1772 to 1782 ” [4] , where they wrote down current information received from Chinese friends (mainly rumors about the life of the imperial court, news of the uprisings), as well as data from interrogations of Russian defectors, which they often attended as translators.
Upon returning to Russia, together with two other mission members F. Baksheev and A. Paryshev [2] he was identified as the translator of the College of Foreign Affairs under the Irkutsk Governor-General I.V. Jacobi [3] . In 1787, he was transferred in the same position to St. Petersburg to the place of the deceased Baksheev [3] .
He died on April 22 (March 3), 1792 in St. Petersburg [3] [2] . According to other sources, he died in 1794 in Kyakhta , holding the position of translator [1] .
Creativity
In 1788 Agafonov’s translations were published, most of which he completed in Irkutsk. In the mastery of translation, he was noticeably inferior to A. L. Leont'ev [3] , after whom he turned mainly to the works of the Manchu emperors of the 16th – 17th centuries, sustained in the spirit of the canons of legism and who played an important role in the spiritual life and political consciousness of China in the second half of the 18th century: “ Dzhunchin, or the Book of Fidelity ”, “ Manchu and Chinese Khan Shun-Jiya book of the most necessary reasoning, encouraging well-being ”, “ Manchu and Chinese Shun-Ji Khan book - a useful and necessary way to rule ”, “ Manchu and Chinese Khan Kan-biya is a book of court political teachings and moral reasoning ”(reprinted in 1795).
Agafonov translated the course of comparative Chinese chronology (“ A brief chronological schedule of the Chinese khans <...> from the beginning of the Chinese Empire to 1786 ”) was published by N. I. Novikov in 1788. Some translations attributed to Agafonov are in fact owned by A. L. Leontiev and I. K. Rassokhin [3] .
Translations
Source - MFN Electronic Catalogs
- Brief chronological writing of Chinese khans; : From the book of the Universal, it mirrored, with an indication of the chronology of the Chinese and Roman, from the beginning of the Chinese Empire to 1786 / Per. A. Agafonova. - M .: Type. Comp. printing house., 1788. - 56 p.
- Jungin, or Book of Fidelity / Transl. with manzhursk. and whale. A. Agafonova. - M .: Type. comp. printing house., 1788. - 56 p.
- Kansi. ... a book of court political teachings and moral reasoning / Collected by his son Khan Yun-jin; Per. with manzhursk. A. Agafonova. - SPb. : [Type of. Wilkowski], 1788. - 125 p.
- Kansi. Sovereign friend of his subjects, or Court, political teachings and moralizing reasoning / Collected by his son Khan Yun-jin; Per. with manzhursk. A. Agafonova. - SPb. : [Type of. Wilkowski], 1795. - 125 p.
- Shun-ji. The book of the most necessary reasoning for the well-being encouraging / Transl. with manzhursk. A. Agafonova .. - St. Petersburg. : [Type of. Vilkovskago], 1788. - 58 p.
- Shun-ji. Useful and necessary image to the board / Transl. with manzhursk. A. Agafonova .. - St. Petersburg. : [Type of. Wilkovskago], 1788. - 93 p.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 ESBE, 1890-1907 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Agafonov, Alexey Semenovich // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. , 1896. - T. 1: Aaron - Emperor Alexander II.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Lepokhin M.N., 1988-1999 .
- ↑ LOIVAN, f. 1, op. 1, No. 62, l. 220-257.
Literature
- Nikolai (Adoratsky P.S.) . The Orthodox Mission in China for 200 Years of Its Existence: The Experience of Church History Research on Archival Documents: Vol. 1-2. - Kazan: type. Univ., 1887 .-- 369 p.
- Skachkov P.E. Essays on the History of Russian Sinology. - M .: Nauka, 1977 .-- 505 p. - 2900 copies.
- Smirdin A.F. Mural to Russian books for reading, systematically located: in 4 hours - St. Petersburg. , 1828 .-- 907 s. - No. 1126, 1253, 1300, 1301, 3130.
- Graveyard. statements of St. Petersburg. - 1792. - Book. 22.
- Slun (handwritten collection), II, 43 and 160-1; III, 60
Links
- Agafonov, Alexander Semenovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Agafonov, Alexey Semenovich // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. , 1896. - T. 1: Aaron - Emperor Alexander II.
- Lepёkhin M.N. Agafonov Alexey Semenovich // Dictionary of the Russian language of the XVIII century / Otv. ed. Dictionary A.M. Panchenko. - M :: Institute of Russian Literature and Language, 1988-1999.