Ivan Müller ( German: Iwan Müller , sometimes spelled Ywan Müller ; December 3, 1786 , Revel - February 4, 1854 , Buckeburg ) - German clarinet virtuoso, composer, music master. He gained fame as the creator of a 13-valve clarinet model, new for his time.
| Ivan Muller | |
|---|---|
| basic information | |
| Date of Birth | December 3, 1786 |
| Place of Birth | Revel |
| Date of death | February 4, 1854 (67 years old) |
| Place of death | Bukkeburg |
| A country | |
| Professions | composer , clarinet player , music master. |
| Instruments | |
| Genres | classical music |
Content
Biography
At an early stage of his creative career, Muller played in a chamber ensemble in St. Petersburg . Even then, he began to attempt to improve the design of clarinet valves.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the clarinet was a rather technically imperfect instrument. Some chromatic sounds were not sufficiently intonationally clear, and composers when writing music had to take into account the features of the instrument. Muller clarified the location of the sound holes on the clarinet body, invented a new valve shape (instead of the previously used flat leather-lined valves, he designed voluminous “tablet-shaped” ones), proposed a new mouthpiece arrangement (with a cane down) and made a number of other improvements.
By 1809, he finally designed a new model of the instrument and, with the support of the Paris banker M. Petit, founded the factory where such clarinets were made. Mueller's first solo performance on the new instrument made a strong impression on the music community, and the Mueller clarinet began to quickly gain popularity among musicians, including Heinrich Berman and Johann Herststedt . In 1810, Muller wrote The Advanced Clarinet School.
In 1812, Müller introduced a new clarinet to the court of professors at the Paris Conservatoire , who accepted it rather coolly (the main clarinet player of the Conservatory, Jean-Xavier Lefebvre, played an almost decisive role), which did not prevent Müller from successfully promoting his instrument among musicians.
Müller’s other inventions include a ligature , a special device for attaching a cane to a mouthpiece. Until this time, a special string was used as a ligature (on German and Austrian clarinet models, the string is used to this day).
In 1820, Müller left Paris, lived and worked for some time in Russia, later in Kassel , Berlin , Switzerland , London , at the end of his life he worked as a court musician in Buckeburg.
Muller is the author of a number of compositions: a concert symphony for two clarinets, three quartets for clarinet and strings, various works for clarinet and piano , as well as six concerts for flute and orchestra.
Notes
- ↑ Eckhardt van den Hoogen. Comments on the disk Tudor 7136 (J.-K. Lefebvre. Quartets with clarinet No. 1-4).
Literature
- Pamela Weston, Clarinet Virtuosi of the Past , ISBN 0-7091-2442-2 , ISBN 0-9506209-8-X
Links
- Muller, Ivan (composer) // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.