Giuseppe Saverio Rafaele Mercadante ( Italian: Giuseppe Saverio Raffaele Mercadante ; September 17, 1795 , Altamura - December 17, 1870 , Naples ) - Italian composer , composed mainly operas.
Saverio Mercadante Saverio mercadante | |
---|---|
basic information | |
Full name | Giuseppe Saverio Raffaele Mercadante |
Date of Birth | September 17, 1795 |
Place of Birth | Altamura near Bari , Kingdom of Naples |
Date of death | December 17, 1870 (75 years old) |
A place of death | Naples , Kingdom of Italy |
A country | |
Professions | composer |
Genres | opera , ballet , instrumental |
Biography
He received his musical education at the Royal Conservatory in Naples, where he studied with Fedele Fenaroli , Giovanni Furno , Giacomo Tritto and Nicolo Antonio Zingarelli .
In 1818 , Mercadante wrote his first opera: Apoteosi d'Ercole ( Apotheosis of Hercules ), which, like the subsequent ones, was a great success in Italy. His works were performed in opera houses in Italy ( La Scala , Milan; Teatro San Carlo , Naples; La Fenice , Venice ; and others), Spain , Portugal , Austria , France . After a stay in 1827-1829. in Spain and Portugal from 1833 to 1840 he was the bandmaster of the cathedral in Novara .
In 1832, he married a young Genoese widow with three children, Sophia Gambaro, from a marriage with which three more children were born - Serafina, Ozvino and Saverio.
In 1836, at the invitation of Rossini, he arrived in Paris , where his opera I briganti (The Robbers ) was staged at Théâtre Italien . Among the operas of Mercadante, “ Il Giuramento ” (“ Oath ”), written in 1837 (premiered in La Scala , Milan, was also staged in Rome, and in 1858 on the stage of the Italian Opera in Paris), is especially notable.
Since 1839, Mercadante began to lose his sight and, at the end of his life, became completely blind.
For 30 years, from 1840 until his death, he was director of the Conservatory in Naples. He was an excellent professor of singing and harmony (among his students were Antonio Brancaleone Gandolfo and Jaime Nuno ).
In 1876, a marble monument was erected to him in Naples.
The great-grandchildren of Mercadante were the brothers Ernesto de Curtis and Jambattista de Curtis , the authors of many world-famous Neapolitan songs.
Creative heritage
- About 60 operas,
- 4 ballets
- concerts for various instruments:
Concert for clarinet and orchestra,
Concert for French Horn and Orchestra,
3 concerts for flute and orchestra (D-dur, e-moll (1823), E-dur (1824)),
Big duet F-dur for 2 flutes with orchestra,
Fantasia Concertante for flute dʻamur, flute and string orchestra,
- Garibaldi Symphony dedicated to Italy,
- 3 Symphonies of a concerto for flute, 2 clarinets and a string orchestra,
- overtures
- Te Deum ,
- Messa di Gloria ,
- Mottetto per San Gaudenzio ,
- chamber vocal music:
Cantata Virginia for soprano and piano,
Il Sogno (" Dream ") for soprano, flute and piano,
6 chamber ariettes for soprano, flute and piano,
- chamber works for various instrumental compositions,
- theater music
- hymns
- fantasies
- divertissements
Opera
- L'apoteosi d'Ercole (08.19.1819 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- Violenza e costanza, ossia I falsi monetari (19.1.1820 Nuovo Theater, Naples) [also like: Il castello dei spiriti (1825, Lisbon)]
- Anacreonte in Samo (1.8.1820 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- Il geloso ravveduto (10.1820 Theater Valle, Rome)
- Scipione in Cartagine (12/26/1820 Teatro Argentina, Rome)
- Maria Stuarda regina di Scozia (05.5.1821 Comunale Theater, Bologna)
- Elisa e Claudio, ossia L'amore protetto dall'amicizia ( 10.30.1821 La Scala Theater, Milan)
- Andronico (12/26/1821 La Fenice Theater, Venice)
- Il posto abbandonato, ossia Adele ed Emerico (09.21.1822 La Scala Theater, Milan)
- Amleto (12/26/1822 La Scala Theater, Milan)
- Alfonso ed Elisa (12/26/1822 Theater Nuovo, Mantua) [also known as: Aminta ed Argira (1823, Reggio Emilia)]
- Didone abbandonata (18.1.1823 Regio Theater, Turin)
- Gli sciti (18.3.1823 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- Costanzo ed Almeriska ( 11/22/1823 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- Gli amici di Siracusa (7.2.1824 Theater Argentina, Rome)
- Doralice (09/18/1824 Kernertner Theater , Vienna)
- Le nozze di Telemaco ed Antiope (11/5/1824 Kernertner Theater, Vienna)
- Il podestà di Burgos, ossia Il signore del villaggio ( 11/20/1824 Kernnertor Theater, Vienna)
- Nitocri ( 12.26.1824 Regio Theater, Turin)
- Ipermestra (12/29/1825 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- Erode, ossia Marianna (12.12.1825 La Fenice Theater, Venice)
- Caritea, regina di Spagna (Donna Caritea), ossia La morte di Don Alfonso re di Portogallo (21.2.1826 La Fenice Theater, Venice)
- Ezio (3.2.1827 Regio Theater, Turin)
- Il montanaro (16.4.1827, Teatro alla Scala, Milan)
- La testa di bronzo, ossia La capanna solitaria (3.12.1827, priv. Theater of Barone di Quintella at Laranjeiras, Lisbon) [libretto written 1816 for Soliva]
- Adriano in Siria (24.2.1828 S. Carlos Theater, Lisbon)
- Gabriella di Vergy (8.8.1828 S. Carlos Theater, Lisbon) [rev: 1832, Genoa]
- La rappresaglia (21.2.1829 Principal Theater, Cadiz)
- Don Chisciotte alle nozze di Gamaccio (10.2.1830 Teatro Principal, Cadiz)
- Francesca da Rimini (1831, probably unperformed)
- Zaïra (8/8/1831 San Carlo Theater, Naples) [libretto written in 1829 for Bellini ]
- I normanni a Parigi (7.2.1832 Regio Theater, Turin)
- Ismalia, ossia Amore e morte (10.27.1832, La Scala Theater, Milan)
- Il conte di Essex (10.3.1833, Teatro alla Scala, Milan)
- Emma d'Antiochia (8.3.1834 La Fenice Theater, Venice)
- Uggero il danese (11.8.1834 Riccardi Theater, Bergamo)
- La gioventù di Enrico V (11/25/1834, La Scala Theater, Milan)
- I due Figaro (" Two Figaro ") (26.1.1835 Principe Theater, Madrid) [composed in 1826]
- Francesca Donato, ossia Corinto distrutta (02.28.1835 Theater Regio, Turin) [rev.1845, Theater San Carlo, Naples]
- I briganti (03.3.1836 Théâtre Italien, Paris) [with additions in 1853]
- Il giuramento (11.3.1837, Teatro alla Scala, Milan)
- Le due illustri rivali (10.3.1838 La Fenice Theater, Venice)
- Elena da Feltre (1.1.1839 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- Il bravo (La veneziana) (9.3.1839 La Scala Theater, Milan)
- La vestale (10.3.1840 Teatro San Carlo, Naples)
- La solitaria delle Asturie, ossia La Spagna ricuperata (12.3.1840 La Fenice Theater, Venice)
- Il proscritto (4.1.1842 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- Il reggente (2.2.1843 Theater Regio, Turin) [rev. with adds. 11/11/1843, Trieste]
- Leonora (12/05/1844 Nuovo Theater, Naples)
- Il Vascello de Gama (6.3.1845 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- Orazi e Curiazi ( 11/10/1846 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- La schiava saracena, ovvero Il campo di Gerosolima ( 12/26/1848 La Scala Theater, Milan) [rev. 1850 Theater of San Carlo, Naples]
- Medea (1.3.1851 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- Statira (8.1.1853 San Carlo Theater, Naples)
- Violetta (10.1.1853 Nuovo Theater, Naples)
- Pelagio (12.2.1857 Teatro San Carlo, Naples)
- Virginia (7.4.1866 San Carlo Theater, Naples) [composed. in 1845-1855]
- L'orfano di Brono, ossia Caterina dei Medici [only 1 act]
Literature
- Solovyov N.F. Mercadante, Saverio // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Mercadante. Complete libretto of operas in Russian
- Saverio Mercandante - biography in Russian / Special Radio, 2009