Neustrian mark ( French Marche de Neustrie ) - a mark created by the King of France Charles II Lysy to protect the region from the Normans and Bretons . The ruler of this brand was called Margrave of Neustria or Marquis of Neustria ( fr. Marquis de Neustrie ).
The brand consisted of two parts, so they are often called the Breton brand ( French. Marche bretonne ) and the Norman brand ( French. Marche normande ).
Content
History
Breton mark
Karl Lysy appointed her ruler Robert Strong (d. 866), who died in the battle against the Normans. He was succeeded by his stepson, Hugo Abbot (d. 886), after whose death the brand was inherited by the eldest son of Robert - Ed (d. 898). After Ed was chosen king of France in 888, he transferred the brand to the management of his younger brother Robert (d. 923)
Norman stamp
Karl Lysy appointed three Margraves as its ruler: Adalard Seneschal (d. 870) from the house of Gerardids , as well as the Udo brothers (d. After 879) and Berenger I (d. 876/879) from the house of Konradin . This appointment caused discontent among the representatives of the house of the Rorgonids , since they considered this area theirs. As a result of their intrigues, Karl ousted Adalard, Udo, and Berenguer in 865 , passing the mark to the Count of Maine Gozfried (d. 878).
The Rorgonids controlled the brand until 885 , when the new king of France, Emperor Charles III Tolstoy , after the death of Margrave Ragenold (d. 885) appointed Margrave his close Henry (d. 886). He was killed the next year during the siege of the Normans of Paris. Instead, Margaret was appointed Berenguer II (d. 896), a relative of Henry. He repeatedly repelled the attacks of the Normans, mainly in the Mana and Bayeux area.
United Neustrian Brand
In 911, the King of France, Charles III, Rustic, by the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Ept, gave the Norman Rollon County of Rouen , which became the basis for the future Duchy of Normandy . As a result of this, the Norman mark lost its significance and was annexed to the Breton brand under the control of the Marquis Robert, who received the title of demarchus . Also, this title was adopted by Rollon, married to the daughter of Berenguer II. After Robert was elected king of France, he passed the mark to his son Hugo the Great (d. 956), after which the son was inherited by Hugo Capet (d. 996).
The dukes of Normandy gradually expanded their holdings and incorporated most of Neustria into their duchy. After the election of Hugo Capet as king of France in 987, the stamp was abolished and divided into a number of feudal possessions.
Marquises of Neustria
Norman stamp
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United Neustrian Brand
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Literature
- Smith Julia MH Province and Empire: Brittany and the Carolingians. Cambridge University Press: 1992.
- Guillotel Hubert. Une autre marche de Neustrie. // Onomastique et ParentΓ© dans l'Occident mΓ©diΓ©val. Edited Christian Settipani and Katharine SB Keats-Rohan. 2000.