Kenozero National Park

The climate is temperate continental. Absolute minimum −47 ° C, absolute maximum +34 ° C . Steady snow cover lasts 160 days. The frost-free period is 105-110 days . The average annual rainfall is 500 mm.

Kenozersky National Park is surrounded by forests on all sides. The territory of the park is covered by forest taiga for three quarters, the rest of the territory is occupied by swamps, meadows, lakes ( Kenozero , Lekshmozero , etc.). For thousands of years of evolution and changes in climatic eras, mixed pine-spruce forests have formed on this territory, covering an area of ​​about 106 thousand ha or 76% of the national park. Economic development of the territory has significantly changed their appearance. In modern forests of the park prevail mixed stands and complex in structure of stands, mainly pine and spruce stands, whose age does not exceed 120 years. The relative youth of the forests is associated with the rather active use of slash-and-burn agriculture in the past, which radically changed their age and species structure. Nevertheless, fragments of indigenous forests (about 5 thousand hectares), practically not affected by economic activity, were preserved on the territory. They occupy lowland, swampy areas and are represented by long-spruce spruce forests and sphagnum pine forests. Although they do not represent the entire spectrum of types of indigenous forests, they can be considered as refugia of the natural biological diversity of virgin taiga forest-bog complexes that disappeared in the region in the distant past. The predominance of derivative forests, as well as their high age and species fragmentation, determined a high ecosystem and species diversity.

Swamps are endless moss fields interspersed with small lakes - lambus. Swamp massifs (7.3 thousand ha) of the Park are represented by almost all types. They are different in the nature of water supply, and, accordingly, in the diversity of plant and animal species that inhabit them. Berries are plentiful here - cloudberries, cranberries, lingonberries, blueberries, blueberries and crowberry.

Flora

The Kenozero flora has a specific appearance of the middle taiga; its feature is the presence of West Siberian and European species. In total, over 600 species of higher vascular plants from 77 families were recorded in the Park, of which 53 belong to the category of rare and endangered. The largest number of species falls on the following families: asteraceae, cereals, sedge, rosaceae, and clover. Of the plants placed in the Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, a slipper is found in real , and in the Red Book of the Russian Federation - a slipper is real, the thinnest midwife , lake midfielder and Traunshteiner’s palm root .

Fauna

The location of the park at the northern border of the middle taiga subzone, the diversity of landscapes, along with the historical features of the formation of natural complexes, determine the mixed composition of the fauna.

The Park is inhabited by typical mid-taiga species (in particular, red-backed vole , forest mouse , squirrel, white hare , bear, elk , hazel grouse , capercaillie ), as well as species more characteristic of broad-leaved forest and even steppe natural zones ( mouse - baby , common vole , quail , gray partridge , corncrake , kestrel ), as well as animals of the northern taiga and tundra ( forest lemming , red vole , wolverine , partridge , etc.). Up to 40% of species live at the northern or southern borders of their range. On the territory of the Park, 263 species of birds, 50 species of mammals, 5 species of amphibians and 4 species of reptiles were registered. The ichthyofauna of the water bodies of the Park is also characterized by a mixed composition. 28 species of fish from 7 orders live here, including bream , whitefish , European vendace , burbot , perch , ide , common pike , and ruff . Two species of lampreys inhabit Lake Kenozero. Of the species of animals listed in the Red Book of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, a white-tailed eagle , a peregrine falcon , an ordinary pearl mussel and an armored amphibian are found in the park. Eleven species of animals are listed in the Red Book of Russia, including the white- headed loon , the goose-squeak , golden eagle and gyrfalcon .

Protected Ecosystems

• Fragments of indigenous coniferous mid-taiga forests not changed by traditional economic activity - about 5 thousand hectares
• Sites of forest and swamp complexes - 7.3 thousand ha

Phenomena

• Ozovaya ridge (Maselga) - a fragment of the watershed of the Arctic and Atlantic oceans
• The Kenozero Depression is the oldest fault in the earth's crust (over 600 Ma), with depths exceeding 100 m
• Porzhenka river canyon in ancient Cretaceous sediments, with a height difference of up to 120 m
• Ancient Canal Lake System

• List of specially protected natural territories of the Arkhangelsk region

• Ecotourism Potential of Kenozersky National Park
• The land where you must visit!
• Kenozero National Park // Confiscation Office - Kyrgyzstan. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2009. - P. 574. - ( Great Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vols.] / Ch. Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004—2017, vol. 13). - ISBN 978-5-85270-344-6 .