Anna Tayshina (nee Tseren-yanzhi ; d. 1742 ) - Kalmyk princess , a subject of the Russian Empire . According to her petition, the city of Stavropol (modern Togliatti ) was founded.
| Anna Taishina | |
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| Occupation | Kalmyk princess |
| Spouse | Tayshin, Petr Petrovich |
Biography
Descended from the ancient Tsoros (Choros) Derbet family of Kalmyk taishas , was the great-granddaughter of the Derbet taisha Dalai Batyr juntaji, granddaughter of the Hoshout taisha Ochirtu-Tsetsen-khan and daughter of Derbet cheon (нойthena), who was 17, with a child with an ’, I’ll with the curricular union, I’ll be with the same year with the’ broke the three thousandth detachment of Bulavin and Ignatius Nekrasov, and was a member of the Russian-Turkish war of 1710-1713. At the age of 14 she married Baksadai-Dorji (grandson of Ayuki Khan ).
In the midst of the highest Kalmyk aristocracy after the death of Ayuki Khan, intrigues and quarrels constantly arose. The government of the Russian Empire, wishing to protect its southern borders from the raids of nomads, decided to support the struggle for power by Baksadai-Dorji, who previously owned only 300 kibits. For the seizure of power and reliable support from the imperial authorities, he agreed to baptism . He was baptized in the Trinity Church of St. Petersburg on November 15, 1724. Peter I himself became the receiver of Baksai, therefore the newly baptized was named Peter, and his title (Taisha) became his last name. Peter Taishin was granted the title of prince and authority over all the baptized Kalmyks.
His wife, Tseren-Janji, was baptized only on July 3, 1735. Empress Anna Ioannovna became the successor of Tseren-Janji, that's why they called her Anna. In 1736, Peter Tayshin turned to the Foreign Affairs College with a request to build a city for him and his baptized Kalmyks. However, the request was granted only after his death (he died in 1736).
On June 20, 1737, Empress Anna Ivanovna complained about the baptism of the Kalmyk princess Anna Tayshina, in which she wrote about the founding of the new city of Stavropol :
For your stay with zaisangs above Samara (river) and near the Volga River to build a fortress ... and this is the place to gather all the baptized Kalmyks who, as usual, have to wander around this fortress ... both at the fortress living and near the nomadic baptized Kalmyks in the allotted and the places and tracts of animals shown to them to catch, and to cut down forests and wood, and to grass grass with cattle, and to mow hay, and to sow bread, to fish in rivers and lakes, and for that of Russian men with pasporta in work it is allowed to hire.
In 1737, Anna Taishina received from the treasury 9347 rubles for living in a new place. The construction of the city began in the spring of 1738 and in September, Taishin moved to Stavropol, where a house was built especially for her. In a petition addressed to Anna Ioannovna, she wrote: “The zaisangs in my house in the past Kalmyk civil war are all ruined, and I don’t just have to supply them, but I don’t have to imbue myself with it either.” She was allocated 500 rubles to help the poor Kalmyks.
When surveying the land in 1739, the princess was given 600 quarters of plowing and 1000 piles of hay mowing, more than 1000 square fathoms of forest. In 1741, the Senate gave the princess the promises that her husband had promised at the baptism of the village. In the same year, a Kalmyk school was opened in Stavropol.
Taishin died in 1742. According to one of the legends, Anna Tayshina, dying, said: “After 100 years, Kalmyks cannot live on this earth”.
Family
Her daughters, having adopted Orthodoxy , married Russian aristocrats. Her nephew, Peter Torgoutsky, was appointed Kalmyk ruler in 1745. Her brother Derbyta noyon Chidan (baptized under the name of Nikita Derbetev [1] ) headed the Kalmyks after the death of Peter. His grandson Fyodor Derbetev (1740–1744) was a Cossack officer, a member of the Seven Years War (1756–1763), particularly distinguished himself in the battle of Pillau (now the city of Baltiysk) in East Prussia, a participant in the Peasant War (1773–1775), the ataman of the Kalmyk Cossack regiment in the army, E.I. Pugachev, was seriously wounded on May 23, 1774 near the Gryaznukhi River (inflow of the Great Irgiz) in a battle with one of the government punitive detachments under the command of Lieutenant Baikov from the Mansurov brigade and died of injuries the next day. After the death of Fyodor Derbetev, the family of Derbet noyons from the Dalai-batyr Taisha along the line of Saul-Tseren was cut short.
Notes
- Topographical description of Simbirsk province (Inaccessible link) . The appeal date was December 19, 2010. Archived July 20, 2010.
Literature
- Mitirov A.G. "Oirats - Kalmyks: Ages and Generations", Elista, Kalmyk book publishing house, 1988
- Ovsyannikov V. A. Part I // Stavropol - Tolyatti: Pages of History. - Tolyatti: Publishing of the Foundation “Development through education”, 1997. - 364 with ill. with. - ISBN 5-88299-016-5 .
- Lobanova N., G. Tseren-Yandzhi - the first owner of Stavropol / / Business Lady Tolyatti: magazine. - Tolyatti, 2006. - № 33 .