Édouard-Leon Scott de Martenville ( fr. Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville ; April 25, 1817 , Paris - April 26, 1879 , Paris ) - Parisian publisher, librarian and bookseller, inventor of the very first recording device - phono - autograph (1857).
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Phonoautograph
Inspired by the invention of the camera , whose principle imitated the human eye , Leon Scott de Martenville studied the structure of the human ear and recreated it in his device. The inventor did not think about reproducing sound. On March 25, 1857, the French government granted Leon Scott the patent No. 17 897/31 470 for a device he invented called a phonoautograph ( French phonoautographe ).
The device consisted of an acoustic cone and a vibrating membrane connected to a needle. The needle was in contact with the surface of a manually rotated glass cylinder covered in sooty paper. Sound vibrations passing through the cone forced the membrane to vibrate, transmitting the vibrations to the needle, which made marks on the soot. The device allowed to visualize sound vibrations, but did not offer a way to reproduce them. Martenville records were reproduced only in 2008 using a computer, and it turned out that Scott de Martenville recorded sound at different speeds [4] .
In the future, the design of the phono-autograph was taken as the basis for creating a phonograph and gramophone .
Publications
- Jugement d'un ouvrier sur les romans et les feuilletons à l'occasion de Ferrand et Mariette (1847)
- Histoire de la sténographie depuis les temps anciens jusqu'à nos jours (1849)
- Fixation graphique de la voix (1857)
- Les Noms de baptême et les prénoms (1857)
- Notice sur la vie et les travaux de M. Adolphe Noël Des Vergers
- Essai de classification méthodique et synoptique des romans de chevalerie inédits et publiés. Premier appendice au catalog raisonné des livres de la bibliothèque de M. Ambroise Firmin-Didot (1870)
- Le Problème de la parole s'écrivant elle-même. La France, l'Amérique (1878)
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 3 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 142566438 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ RKDartists
- ↑ Scientists have discovered the sound recording made before the invention of the phonograph
Links
- Tikhonov A. Sound recording is the very beginning ... - Archive of the sound producer magazine. 03.03.
- Schoenherr, Steven E. 2004. “Leon Scott and the Phonautograph”
- BBC | Culture | The oldest audio recording found in Paris