Strategic Missile Forces

The strategic missile forces of Russia were created after the collapse of the USSR on the basis of and as the successor ^{[5] of the} Strategic Missile Forces of the USSR.

1992-1995 - the collapse of the USSR and the unified armed forces. Withdrawal of ICBMs from the territory of Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Belarus, the elimination of missile systems of the Strategic Missile Forces outside Russia. Formation of the structure of the Russian Strategic Missile Forces ^[6] .

In the early 1990s, the reduction of the Strategic Missile Forces was accompanied by the disintegration of the USSR and the unified armed forces and the formation of independent states with their own armed formations. On December 30, 1991, in Minsk, at a meeting of the CIS heads of state, a number of documents on military issues were signed, according to which the USSR Ministry of Defense was to be liquidated, and instead the main command of the CIS Joint Armed Forces was created. The CIS states received the right to create their own armed forces on the basis of parts of the USSR Armed Forces that were stationed on the territory of these states, with the exception of those that were recognized as “strategic forces” and should have remained under the unified command of the CIS ^[6] .

During the first months of its existence, the leaders of the main union republics discussed the issue of forming unified CIS armed forces, but this development process did not receive, the USSR Ministry of Defense functioned as the main command of the CIS Joint Armed Forces until December 1993. Until May 1992, after the resignation of the USSR President Mikhail Gorbachev, the so-called. The nuclear briefcase was kept by USSR Minister of Defense Yevgeny Shaposhnikov ^[7] .

In addition to the former Strategic Missile Forces of the USSR strategic forces, the Strategic Forces of the Commonwealth Armed Forces of the USSR included the nuclear forces of the former Long-Range Aviation of the USSR and the Soviet Navy . The commander of the Strategic Forces was appointed the former commander of the Strategic Missile Forces of the USSR, Army General Maksimov Yury Pavlovich . The lack of progress in the military integration of the CIS countries prompted the leadership of the Russian Federation, apart from the creation of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, to reconsider the question of the ownership of the Strategic Forces of the Allied Forces of the CIS ^[8] . In the summer of 1992, the Strategic Missile Forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (the Strategic Missile Forces of the RF Armed Forces ) were formed, the first commander of which on August 26, 1992 was Colonel-General Igor Dmitrievich . Under the leadership of I. Sergeev, who did not disregard the combat readiness of the missile formations remaining in connection with the collapse of the USSR outside Russia, the creation and formation of the Strategic Missile Forces of the RF Armed Forces took place ^{[9] [10] [11]} .

The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation were formed by decree of the President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin of May 7, 1992 No. 466 “On the creation of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation” ^[12] . In the Russian army, the Strategic Missile Forces became a separate type of the Armed Forces ^[6] .

At the time of the signing of the Bialowieza Accords, Soviet nuclear weapons were deployed in the territory of four union republics: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan. The joint diplomatic efforts of Russia and the United States of America led to the fact that Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan refused the status of nuclear powers and transferred to Russia the entire military nuclear potential, which turned out to be on their territory. During 1993-1995, the 43rd missile army of the Strategic Missile Forces, stationed in Ukraine and Belarus, was disbanded.

1996 - the beginning of the reequipment of the Strategic Missile Forces to new missile systems with unified stationary-based Topol-M missiles of the 5th generation ^[6] .

In 1995, by the decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the day of the Strategic Missile Forces was established ^[13] . In the same year, the holy martyr Barbara was declared the patron saint of the Strategic Missile Forces ^[14] .

In 1997, military space forces and missile and space defense troops from the air defense forces were included in the Strategic Missile Forces. From 1997 to 2001 , in addition to the rocket armies and divisions, the RVSN also included military units and institutions launching and controlling spacecraft, as well as combining and connecting rocket and space defense. On June 1, 2001, the Space Forces were separated from the Strategic Missile Forces into a separate branch of troops. At the same time, the Strategic Missile Forces were transformed from the type of the Armed Forces into an independent branch of the centrally controlled forces ^[6] .

2001–2009 - modernization and optimization of the combat strength of the missile group while simultaneously carrying out structural transformations of the Strategic Missile Forces, taking into account treaty obligations between Russia and the United States ^[6] .

2009-2010 - large-scale measures to improve the rocket group: rocket regiments armed with a new Topol-M mobile ground-based missile system (PGRK) with a RT-2PM2 rocket are put on combat duty, the missile regiments that are armed “ heavy "missiles R-36M UTHC ^[6] .

At present, the Strategic Missile Forces, in accordance with the international obligations adopted by Russia, are conducting a planned reduction of the missile group, at the same time taking measures to maintain it in combat readiness and consistent modernization. Missile regiments armed with the Yars mobile soil missile system are put on combat duty, work is underway to create new missile systems and improve the combat control system ^[6] .

The RVSN is armed with six types of missile systems, divided by type of base into stationary and mobile. The basis of stationary-based groups are RK with “heavy” (RS-20V “Voevod”) and “light” ( RS-18 “Stilet”, RS-12M2 “Topol-M”) missiles. The mobile-based grouping includes the Topol PGRK with the RS-12M missile, Topol-M with the RS-12M2 monoblock equipment missile and the Yars PGRK with the RS-12M2R rocket and a split head in the mobile and stationary versions ^{[6 ]} .

The Strategic Missile Forces development strategy envisages an increase in the share of mobile missile systems and the launch of the Topol-M and Yars systems capable of overcoming modern and prospective missile defense systems .

In 2015, the Strategic Missile Forces received 35 new Yars mines from the industry, both mine and mobile, armed with six missile regiments, which took up combat duty in the Tagil, Novosibirsk and Kozel rocket divisions ^[15]

In 2016, another five regiments will be re-equipped with this complex - in Irkutsk, Yoshkar-Ola, Nizhny Tagil, Novosibirsk and Kozelsk. These missiles will replace the RS-12M Topol and RS-18 Stillet missiles. By 2020, it is planned to completely replace outdated missile systems with Yars, Rubezh and Sarmat complexes. It is possible to adopt the Barguzin new combat railway missile complex (BZHRK) ^[15] . In 2013, Deputy Defense Minister Yury Borisov announced the renewal by the Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology of development work on the creation of a new generation of railway missile systems ^{[16] [17] [18]} . December 2, 2017 program BZHRK was terminated for an indefinite period. It is possible that work on the combat railway complex will continue after 2030. ^[nineteen]

Commanders-in-Chief (1992–2001), Commanders (since 2001)

• February 1992 - August 1992 - Army General Yu. P. Maksimov .
• August 1992 - May 1997 - Colonel-General (until 1996), Army General I. D. Sergeev , subsequently Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, Marshal of the Russian Federation .
• July 1997 - May 2001 - Colonel General (up to 2000), Army General V. N. Yakovlev .
• July 2001 - October 2009 - Colonel General N. Ye. Solovtsov ^[20] .
• October 2009 - June 2010 - Lieutenant-General A. A. Shvaichenko ^[20] .
• From June 2010 - Lieutenant-General (until 2012), Colonel General S.V. Karakayev ^{[21] [22]} .

Chiefs of the Main Staff of the Strategic Missile Forces (Chiefs of Staff of the Strategic Missile Forces since 2001)

• February 1992 - September 1994 - Lieutenant-General, since 1988 Colonel-General Kochemasov, Stanislav Grigorievich .
• November 1994 - December 1996 - Lieutenant-General, since 1994 Colonel-General Yesin, Viktor Ivanovich .
• December 1996 - July 1997 - Lieutenant-General, since 1997 Colonel-General Yakovlev, Vladimir Nikolaevich .
• September 1997 - May 2001 - Lieutenant-General, since 1998 Colonel-General Perminov, Anatoly Nikolaevich .
• July 2001 - June 2006 - Lieutenant-General Khutortsev, Sergey Vladimirovich .
• June 2006 - October 2009 - Lieutenant-General Shvaychenko, Andrei Anatolyevich .
• October 2009 - August 2010 - Lieutenant-General Karakayev, Sergey Viktorovich .
• from August 2010 - Lieutenant-General Reva, Ivan Fedorovich .

Currently, the Strategic Missile Forces include the headquarters of the Strategic Missile Forces (stationed in the village of Vlasikha near Moscow) and the headquarters of three rocket armies , which organizationally include twelve missile divisions ^[6] . In addition, the Strategic Missile Forces have in their composition: the State Central Interspecific Test Site ( Kapustin Yar ), the Test Site (in Kazakhstan ), a separate research and testing station in Kamchatka (in 2010 transferred to the Space Forces, in 2015 became part of the VCS) The 4th Central Research Institute and the Peter the Great Military Academy in Balashikha , as well as Serpukhov Military Institute of Rocket Forces as a separate division. The Strategic Missile Forces also include arsenals and central repair plants, a base for storing weapons and military equipment.

As of late 2011, the Strategic Missile Forces had 381 missile systems capable of carrying 1,277 nuclear warheads. Currently, the RVSN has: 58 heavy missiles R-36MUTTH and R-36M2 (SS-18, Satan), 70 UR-100N UTTH (SS-19) missiles, 171 mobile Topol RT-2PM missiles (SS -25), 56 RT-2PM2 Topol-M complexes of mine base (SS-27), 18 RT-2PM2 Topol-M mobile complexes (SS-27) and 15 RS-24 Yars mobile complexes ^{[23 ]} .

As of January 18, 2012 , Russia already had 391 deployed rocket carriers capable of delivering 1,299 warheads ^[24] . According to official data of the Strategic Missile Forces for 2014 , the number of Topol-M and Yars new ICBMs in the total share of missile complexes exceeded 1/3: of the 311 ICBMs, 111 were missiles of the relatively “new”.

In addition, in 2014–2015, Russia deployed 30 sets of the UR-100N UTTH rocket purchased from Ukraine in 2002–2004 , which were stored in warehouses in an unfilled state. According to N. Solovtsov, then-Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces of the Russian Federation, these missiles can stand on duty, at least until 2020 , and at most until 2030 .

Over the next 1.5 years, the number of operational missile systems, however, decreased, and according to foreign observers, at the beginning of 2017, there were only 286 different types of missile carriers equipped with 958 nuclear warheads ^[25] . According to other foreign experts, as of February 28, 2017, the Strategic Missile Forces of Russia contained only 316 missile carriers equipped with 1076 nuclear warheads ^[26] .

As of July 2018, the Strategic Missile Forces contained about 300 carriers equipped with approximately 1,200 nuclear warheads. . At the same time, the number of relatively new ICBMs in the total share of missile complexes was more than 3/5: 188 out of 300.

Expected to be a complete rearmament from the “Topol” to the “Yarsy” in the Barnaul and Bologovsky rocket divisions since 2020 ^[27] .

Missile armies and divisions within them

Strategic missile forces are the only branch of the armed forces in the RF Armed Forces, in which the army-division structure ^{[31] is} completely preserved, modified or abolished in other types and branches of troops during the 1990-2000s.

• 27th Guards Missile Vitebsk Red Banner Army ( Vladimir )
  • 7th Guards Missile Rezhitskaya Red Banner Division ( Lake District (Vypolzovo, Bologoe-4))
  • 14th Rocket Kiev-Zhytomyr Order of the Kutuzov Division ( Yoshkar-Ola )
  • 28th Guards Missile Red Banner Division ( Kozelsk )
  • 54th Guards Missile Order of the Kutuzov Division ( Red Sosenki ( Teykovo -6))
  • The 60th Tamansky rocket Order of the October Revolution, the Red Banner Division named after the 60th anniversary of the USSR ( Svetly ( Tatishevo -5))

• 31st Rocket Army ( Rostoshi , Orenburg )
  • The 8th Missile Melitopol Red Banner Division ( Pervomaysky (Yurya-2))
  • The 13th Missile Orenburg Red Banner Division ( Yasny , Dombarovsky )
  • 42nd missile division Tagil ( Free ).

• 33rd Guards Missile Berislav-Khinganskaya twice Red Banner, Order of the Suvorov Army ( Omsk )
  • 29th Guards Missile Vitebsk Order of Lenin, Red Banner Division ( Irkutsk )
  • The 35th Red Banner Missile, orders of Kutuzov and Alexander Nevsky Division ( Siberian )
  • 39th Guards Rocket Glukhov Order of Lenin, Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov, Kutuzov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky Division (Guards (Novosibirsk-95))
  • 62nd Uzhur Red Banner Missile Division named after the 60th anniversary of the USSR ( Sunny (Uzhur-4) )

Disbanded:

• The 52nd Missile of Tarnopolsko-Berlin Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky and the Red Star Division

In 2002, the 52nd missile division was disbanded, and on its basis, on December 1, 2002, the 1328th base for the storage and handling of BZhRK elements (military unit 12264) was created. In September 2007, pursuant to Directive of the Minister of Defense of Russia No. 030 of November 28, 2006, the 1328th base for the storage and handling of BZhRK elements was disbanded.

• 53rd Rocket Army ( Chita )

In accordance with the Directive of the 1st Deputy Defense Ministry of the Russian Federation N 314/3/0839 of 14.11.2001, since August 2001, measures are being taken to disband and liquidate the missile division. End of disbandment end of 2002.

• 59th Missile Division (was stationed in the village of Solnechny (renamed Lokomotivny in 1992)

Disbanded in 2005 . Its disbandment took place under a treaty between Russia and the United States on the reduction of strategic armaments. At the end of July 2005, the last mine launcher of the intercontinental ballistic missile R-36M UTTH was blown up.

• The 19th Red Banner Zaporozhian missile, orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov division (military unit 33784, Khmelnitsky , Ukraine)
• 33rd Guards Missile Svir Red Banner, Orders of Suvorov, Kutuzov and Alexander Nevsky Division ( Mozyr , Belarus)
• 37th Guards Missile of Sevastopol Orders of Lenin and Kutuzov Division (military unit 43195, Lutsk , Ukraine)
• 41st Guards Missile Lviv-Berlin Order of Kutuzov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky Division (military unit 34159, Aleisk ) ^[32]
• 49th Guards Missile Stanislav-Budapest, Red Banner Division (military unit 34154, Lida , Belorussia)

Polygons

• Polygon Kapustin Yar
• Polygon Kura (Kamchatka)
• Polygon Sary-Shagan (Kazakhstan)

Strategic Missile Forces Aviation

Strategic missile forces operate 7 airfields and 8 heliports. The aircraft of the Strategic Missile Forces consist of Mi-8 helicopters of all modifications, An-24 , An-26 , An-72 , An-12 aircraft ^[33] .

At the beginning of 2011, the Strategic Missile Forces aviation had about 80 aircraft. On April 1, 2011, the RVSN aviation was planned to be transferred to the Air Force of the Russian Federation ^[34] .

Missile arsenals

The central subordinate units include three missile arsenals: the 21st (deployed in the village of Chrysolite ), the 27th (village Surovatiha ) and the 29th (village Balezino-3 ) ^[35] .

Engineering Parts

The Strategic Missile Forces incorporates engineering units, on the equipment of which there are engineering and camouflage machines (MIOM), remote demining machines (MDR) and “ Foliage ”, and a KDM tracker. ^[36]

Anti-sabotage units

Established units (subunits) and non-standard formations of rocket associations, formations and units designed to protect objects (command posts, combat starting positions, command and control posts, command and control lines, power supply system systems for missile complexes and communications, etc.) from sabotage and reconnaissance attacks formations, assault forces and other special formations of the enemy. The composition of the regular forces is determined by the organizational and staff structure of the Strategic Missile Forces, and the composition of non-regular formations is determined by the commander (commander), based on the prevailing situation and the capabilities of the troops. In addition, for the anti-sabotage struggle of the Strategic Missile Forces (missile formations, formations, units) can be attached to the temporary subordination of the forces and means of the territorial defense forces. ^[37]

In the Strategic Missile Forces, anti-sabotage wrestling is conducted by security and reconnaissance battalions, sabotage and anti-reconnaissance groups, mobile reserves, anti-sabotage groups, reconnaissance groups, and guards. ^[39]

History of creation

In 1990, as part of the Strategic Missile Forces, at the headquarters of the rocket armies, specialized subdivision counter units were created. Among the main tasks of the new divisions are the protection and defense of SPU, command posts (KP), combat command and control cables (KBU), search and destruction of the enemy’s RFRF in positional areas of the strategic missile forces. Units of the anti-sabotage struggle were formed on the basis of the decision of the USSR Ministry of Defense of December 2, 1989, and the directives of the USSR General Staff 314/4/0910 of 6.6.90, as well as the directives of the Civil Code of the RV 432/3/00381 of 22.5.90 and of the order of the Civil Code PB 0106 from 29.6.90. The staffing of individual companies of anti-sabotage wrestling (ORPDB) were approved by the order of the GK Strategic Missile Forces of 21.05.1990. ORPDB were formed at each of the five rocket armies, and also in Odintsovo the 1730th separate battalion of anti-sabotage combat (OBPDB) was formed, which was directly subordinate to the Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces.

Формирование офицерского состава новых подразделений предписывалось осуществлять из числа специалистов ВДВ и СВ и запрещался отрыв личного состава батальона и рот противодиверсионной борьбы на все виды работ, не связанных с учебным процессом (Директива ГK РВ 43213/00381). Военно-учетные специальности (ВУС) военнослужащие новых подразделений получили «в наследство» от ВДВ, что в сочетании с офицерами пришедшими оттуда же, определило направленность дальнейшего развития подразделений ПДБ. Военнослужащие подразделений ПДБ имели хорошую огневую, физическую и специальную тактическую подготовку. Среди офицеров проводилась парашютно-десантная и водолазная подготовка.

Всего в роте по штату состояло 122(70) человек, 13(9) БТР 70 , 8(6) транспортных Газ-66 , 4(2) «Василька» на базе Газ-66 (Минометного взвода) Стрелковое оружие в роте на вооружении состояло следующее: АГС-17 — 8(4), РПГ-16 (РПГ-7Д) — 12(8), РПКС-74 — 12(8), СВД — 12(8), АКС-74 — 110(53), ПМ −12(9).

С 1997 по 2001 гг. все штатные армейские противодиверсионные силы были расформированы ^[40] .

В соответствии с директивой МО РФ № Д-05 от 31 января 2005 были сформированы отдельные батальоны охраны и разведки (ОБОР).

Отдельные батальоны охраны и разведки предназначены: ^[41]

• для охраны и обороны объектов соединения;
• обеспечения комендантской службы;
• сопровождения воинских колонн со специальными грузами;
• борьбы с диверсионно-разведывательными формированиями противника;
• ведения разведки в позиционном районе соединения.

В состав одного батальона входят:

• Рота охраны и разведки (РОиР)
• Рота противодиверсионной борьбы и разведки (ПДБиР).

С 25 ноября 2011 года в связи с реформой в Вооружённых силах Российской Федерации отдельные батальоны охраны и разведки были приданы в штат ракетных соединений и переименованы в батальоны охраны и разведки (БОР). ^[42]

На вооружении противодиверсионных подразделений РВСН находятся бронеавтомобили Камаз-43269 «Выстрел» и противодиверсионные машины «Тайфун-М» ^{[43] [44]}

• Военная орденов Ленина, Октябрьской Революции и Суворова академия Ракетных войск стратегического назначения имени Петра Великого
• Серпуховский военный институт Ракетных войск имени Ленинского комсомола
• Пермское Суворовское военное училище ^[45]
• 90-й Межвидовой региональный учебный центр Ракетных войск стратегического назначения ^[46]
• Ростовский военный институт Ракетных войск имени Главного маршала артиллерии М. И. Неделина (расформирован в 2011 г. приказом Сердюкова , последний вынос боевого знамени 29.08.2011 г.)
• Ставропольский военный институт связи Ракетных войск (расформирован в 2010 г. приказом Сердюкова )
• Пермский военный Краснознамённый институт Ракетных войск имени Маршала Советского Союза В. И. Чуйкова (расформирован в 2003 г.)
• Саратовское высшее военное командно-инженерное Краснознамённое, ордена Красной Звезды училище Ракетных войск имени Героя Советского Союза генерал-майора А. И. Лизюкова (расформировано в 2003 г.)
• Краснодарское высшее военное командно-инженерное училище Ракетных войск (расформировано в 1998 г.)

Ряд факторов потенциально снижает боеспособность РВСН и Российской ядерной триады в целом, в том числе:

• незначительное в целом количество технически исправных дальних бомбардировщиков ВВС России , особенно современных реактивных Ту-160
• расположение дальних бомбардировщиков ВВС России на двух базах, с отдельно хранящимися боеголовками
• частичное отсутствие покрытия в Атлантическом , и большей части Тихого океана , повышающие требования к мобильности триады
• российские ракетные комплексы имеют «нулевое» полетное задание, и для ввода объекта из «каталога» в полетное задание требуется несколько минут. ^[47]

В то же время имеется и некоторая положительная динамика развития РВСН:

• ввод в строй станций нового поколения системы предупреждения о ракетном нападении в Ленинградской области , Калининградской области и Краснодарском крае
• с 2006 по 2008 год вывод на орбиту четырёх спутников серии «Космос» системы раннего предупреждения «Око» ^{[48] [49] [50]} . Система прекратила своё существование к концу 2014 года, на смену ей должна прийти система Тундра , которая по состоянию на 2019 год состоит всего из 2 спутников.
• 5 подводных ракетоносцев проекта 667БДРМ «Дельфин» и 3 ракетоносца проекта 667БДР «Кальмар» за последние несколько лет прошли средний ремонт с элементами модернизации и заменой ракет на Р-29РМУ2 «Синева»
• возобновление в 2007 году регулярных полётов стратегической авиации в отдалённые зоны патрулирования, которые были прерваны с 1993 года
• возобновление производства стратегических бомбардировщиков-ракетоносцев Ту-160 (пока — в количестве одного)
• модернизация стратегических бомбардировщиков-ракетоносцев Ту-95МС
• разработка, начало испытаний в 2007 году новой межконтинентальной баллистической ракеты РС-24 «Ярс» с РГЧ ИН и принятие её на вооружение.
• разработка, начало испытаний в 2013 году новой баллистической ракеты средней дальности РС-26 «Рубеж» и вероятное принятие её на вооружение в 2017 году .
• Внедрение автоматизированной системы боевого управления 4-го поколения: приказы доносятся непосредственно на пусковую установку ^[51]
• Постановка на вооружение к 2020 году железнодорожных ракетных комплексов с новой ракетой по проекту « Баргузин » ( БЖРК ) В конце 2017 года программа воссоздания БЖРК была отменена из-за отсутствия денег на неё. Ни одного комплекса так и не было сделано и программа свернута.
• На 2011 год РВСН планировали 10 учебно-боевых и испытательных пусков стратегических ракет (в 2008 году — 11 пусков, в 2010 году — 5). ^{[52] [53]}
• С 2018 года ведётся перевооружение новой техникой, которое завершится к 2030 году. Новые современные ракетные комплексы поступят во все части РВСН на рубеже 2027—2028 годов ^[54] .

• Командование глобальных ударов ВВС США
• Ракетное вооружение
• Главнокомандующие РВСН СССР и России
• Список дивизий Вооружённых сил СССР (1989—1991)#Дивизии Ракетных войск стратегического назначения
• Ships measuring complex
• Научно-измерительный пункт
• 4-й центральный научно-исследовательский орденов Октябрьской Революции и Трудового Красного Знамени институт Министерства обороны РФ
• Авангард (ракетный комплекс)

Comments

Sources

• Ракетные войска стратегического назначения
• Russia / Soviet Nuclear Forces Федерация американских учёных (fas.org)
• Музей Ракетных войск стратегического назначения (бывш. 46-я ракетная Нижнеднепровская ордена Октябрьской Революции Краснознамённая дивизия )
• Гимн РВСН (видео) * М. Лукин, А. Стукалин (авторы-составители). На большом ракетном // Журнал «Власть». — ИД «Комерсантъ», 2009. — 14 декабря ( № 49 (853) ).
• Божьева Ольга . Россия готовит замену «Сатане» (рус.) , Московский Комсомолец (17 декабря 2012). Дата обращения 16 декабря 2012.
• Баранец Виктор. Владимир Владимирович был прав — мы можем уничтожить США быстрее чем за полчаса (рус.) . Комсомольская правда (16 декабря 2011). — Интервью с Командующим РВСН генерал-лейтенантом С. В. Каракаевым. Дата обращения 16 декабря 2012. Архивировано 19 декабря 2012 года.
• Koval V. RVSN - the guarantor of the security of the Fatherland // Russian Military Review: Monthly Journal. Information and analytical publication of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation . - M .: Voeninform Agency, 2011. - № 1 (81) . - ISSN 0134-921X .

• Museum of the Strategic Missile Forces (photo)
• Handbook of Strategic Missile Forces. Structure of the Strategic Missile Forces: reference tables on the composition of the parts of the Strategic Missile Forces .