Augustine (Vinogradsky)

His father is Vasily Mikhailov, priest of the Church of Dmitry Solunsky on Ilyinka ^[1] and an icon painter.

He began his education at the Perervinsk Seminary and graduated with honors from the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy . After graduation, he became a teacher in the Perervinsky Seminary, and in 1788 he was identified as a rhetoric teacher in the seminary in the Trinity-Sergius Lavra ; in 1792 he became prefect and teacher of the philosophy of the seminary ^[1] . In 1794, at the age of 28, he was tonsured a monk and named Augustine . In 1795 he became rector and teacher of theology of the Trinity Seminary ^[1] .

On April 30 ( May 11 ), 1797, Emperor Paul I , after the coronation, visited the Trinity-Sergius Lavra . On this occasion, Augustine gave a thank-you speech; for this speech and students' successes, rector Augustine was granted a gold watch with diamonds by the monarch ^[1] .

On November 21 ( December 2 ), 1798 , he was consecrated to the archimandrites of the Mozhaisk Luzhetsky Monastery , in 1801 he was transferred to the Moscow Epiphany with the preservation of previous posts. In the same year, at the coronation of Alexander I, he was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the second degree for diligence and success in raising young people ^[1] .

Since January 1802 - rector and teacher of theology of the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy and archimandrite of the Zaikonospassky monastery ^[1] .

In 1804 he was called to serve in St. Petersburg , but on February 7 (19) in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra he was ordained bishop of Dmitrov and vicar of the Moscow diocese and returned to Moscow ^[1] .

On November 18 (30), 1806 he was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the first degree. In 1807 he was awarded a panagia decorated with diamonds.

The role of the vicar bishop Augustine in the solution of diocesan affairs was constantly growing. This was due to the fact that Metropolitan Plato spent a lot of time in St. Petersburg in the Holy Synod , and a little later the health of the ruling bishop of Moscow began to deteriorate. As early as 1796, Bishop Augustine led the diocese of Moscow, and in fact he became the ruling bishop on June 16 (28), 1811 , with the permission of the monarch, Metropolitan Plato, for health reasons, handed over the cases to him. With all this, he maintained a filial attitude towards Metropolitan Plato. He said that on each question he asked for blessings from the lord, although he could decide on his own ^[2] ..

July 14 (26), 1812 awarded the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky .

He proved himself to be the best during the war of 1812 , for which he was elevated to the rank of Archbishop of Dmitrov on August 30 ( September 11 ), 1814 , appointed Archimandrite of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra , became a member of the Holy Synod and became known as the Governor of the Moscow Metropolis.

On August 29 ( September 10 ), 1815 he was awarded the diamond marks of St. Alexander Nevsky.

On October 24 (12), 1817 , on the 5th anniversary of the expulsion of Napoleon from Moscow, he took part in the laying of the church in the name of the Savior on the Sparrow Hills ^[3] , after which he delivered the following speech:

Where are we? what do we see? what are we doing? Where are we? In that place, on which in the twelfth summer this ancient capital with horror saw a flame-burner, burned with an enemy hand to destroy it. I saw and, having bowed my gray hair, I begged the Lord, that she be the atoning sacrifice of her fatherland ^[4] .

February 19 ( March 3 ), 1818 was granted the rank of Archbishop of Moscow and Kolomenskoye ^[1] .

He was a censor of spiritual books, spoke brilliant speeches and wrote poems in Latin.

He died in Moscow at the Trinity Compound ; The funeral service was performed in the Cathedral of the Chudov Monastery ^[5] . He was buried in the Assumption Cathedral of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra ^[1] .

• Nikolai Leskov, in his essay “ From the Trifles of Bishop's Life, ” cites an article from the journal “Russian Herald” which gives such a description of the archbishop.

Rev. Augustine had many excellent qualities: he was very strict, but fair; he kept the consistory in hedgehogs, and the white clergy, while rude and loose, trembled. He sometimes beat fatherly with his cane, and not even with his hands

But most of the essay is dedicated to the original version of the causes of Augustine's death.

• The mention of Augustine is found in Leo Tolstoy 's novel War and Peace .

• Augustine (Vinogradsky) on the site Russian Orthodoxy
• A dictionary of members of the Society of Amateurs of Russian Literature at Moscow University . - M .: Pechatnya A. Snegireva, 1911. - S. 1 ..
• Orthodox Encyclopedia. T. I

• Markina T.V. His Grace Augustine (Vinogradsky) and the Patriotic War of 1812
• Sermons Archbishop Augustine (Vinogradsky) on the site of the Word of the shepherd
• Latin elegy on the death of Moses Gumilevsky