Chronology of the development and spread of Buddhist schools ( 450 BC - 1300 CE) | |||||||||||||||||||
450 BC | 250 BC | 100 AD | 500 | 700 | 800 | 1200 | |||||||||||||
India | early | ||||||||||||||||||
Schools of Early Buddhism | Mahayana | Vajrayana | |||||||||||||||||
Sri Lanka and | Theravada | ||||||||||||||||||
Vajrayana in Southeast Asia | |||||||||||||||||||
central Asia | Greek Buddhism | Tibetan Buddhism | |||||||||||||||||
Buddhism of the Great Silk Road | |||||||||||||||||||
Far Eastern Buddhism | Chan , Tendai , Pure Land Buddhism , Zen , Nitiren | Shingon | |||||||||||||||||
450 BC | 250 BC | 100 AD | 500 | 700 | 800 | 1200 | |||||||||||||
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Among the many schools, only schools of the Theravada , Mahayana and Vajrayana directions (in conjunction with the Mahayana) have survived.
Content
- 1 Early Schools of Buddhism (nikaya)
- 2 Theravada
- 3 Mahayana
- 4 Vajrayana
- 5 General terms
- 6 notes
- 7 Literature
- 8 Bibliography
- 9 References
The early schools of Buddhism (nikaya)
![]() Early buddhism |
sources |
Pali Canon |
Cathedrals |
1st Buddhist council |
Schools |
Pre-sectarian Buddhism |
- Sthaviravada - “the teaching of the elders”, haimavata - “Himalayan”
- Vibhajyavāda (formed to 240 BC during the reign of King Asoka ) - "on the analysis of the doctrine"
- Theravada (circa 240 BC ) is considered a continuation of Sthaviravada and Vibhajyavada
- Abhayagirivada
- Mahaviharavada (modern Theravada)
- Jetavana
- Mahishasaka ( V century BC ) - “organizers of the earth”
- Kashyap (second half III century BC.. ) - "followers Kashyap," also suvarshika "followers Suvarshi"
- Dharmaguptaka ( 3rd century BC ) - “followers of the Dharmagupta” or “protectors of the Dharma”
- Theravada (circa 240 BC ) is considered a continuation of Sthaviravada and Vibhajyavada
- Pudgalavada (circa 280 BC ) - “doctrine of pudgal”
- Vatsiputria (during the reign of King Ashoka ) - after a split in the second half of the 2nd century BC. e. It was named sammatah - "those who live in harmony"
- Dharmottaria (beginning of the 3rd century BC ) - “followers of the Dharmottara”
- Bhadraeans (second half of the 2nd century BC ) - “those who follow the path of Bhadra”
- Shannagarika (second half II century BC.. ) - "of six cities" (also Sandagiriya - "of the dense forest")
- Avantaka [1]
- Vatsiputria (during the reign of King Ashoka ) - after a split in the second half of the 2nd century BC. e. It was named sammatah - "those who live in harmony"
- Sarvastivada (about 237 BC ) - "the doctrine that everything exists" (also Vaibhashika - "followers Comments»)
- Nepal Vaibhashika [2]
- Waibhashiki from East India [3]
- Waibhashiki from Central India [3]
- Kashmir Vaibhashiki
- Aparantaka vaybhashiki [4]
- Bahirdeshaka - "foreign teachers" (also pashchatiya - "living from Kashmir to west" Gandhara vabhashiki) [5]
- Mulasarvastivada ( III – IV century ) - “indigenous Sarvastivada”
- Shabdika - “[followers of the doctrine] of the word” [6]
- Sautrantika (approximately 50 BC - 100 ) - “based on sutras”, also sanctrantiva “doctrine of the transition”, tamrashatia “dressed in copper-colored dresses”, darshantica “using examples”: [7]
- Vibhajyavāda (formed to 240 BC during the reign of King Asoka ) - "on the analysis of the doctrine"
Among the soutrantics, various trends stood out:
- By recognized authority:
- Agamanusarino Sautrantika (followers of the scriptures of the Abhidharma)
- Nyayanusarino-Sautrantika (followers of the seven logical treatises of the Dharmakirti )
- In relation to the perceived:
- Zunzin jannyampa (gZung 'dzin grang mnyam pa, “an equal number of objects and subjects”) [8]
- Gon (d) a chetsalva (sGo nga phyed tshal ba, “half the egg”) [8]
- Natsog nimepa (sNa tshogs gnyis med pa, "non-duality of varieties") [8]
- Mahasanghika (circa 380 BC ) - “a large community”
- Madhyadesika [1]
- Ekavyavaharika (during the reign of King Ashoka ) - “those whose practice [gives results] in one [instant]”
- Lokottaravada ( 3rd century BC. - “The doctrine of what is beyond the world”
- Gokulika (during the reign of King Ashoka ) - "from the kind of a bull", also kukkulakatha - "reasoning about hot ashes"
- Bahushrutia (end of the 3rd century BC ) - “those who have heard a lot”
- Prajnaptivada (end of the 3rd century BC ) - “the doctrine that [all things are only] names”
- Tea-pot (middle of the 1st century BC ) - “[settled on the mountain] with tea”
- Andhaka [9] - “from Andhra”
- Aparashayla - “from the western mountain”
- Uttarashayla , Purvasasha - “from the eastern mountain”
- Rajagiriya [10] - “from Rajagriha”
- Siddharthika [9]
- Apararajagirika (Vajiriya) [10]
- Andhaka [9] - “from Andhra”
The influence of early schools on the later:
The Vinaya section of the Dharmaguptaka school is used by the Vinaya schools:
- Chinese lu zong
- Nanshan-zong [11] (based on the doctrine of Yogachara’s doctrine [12] . In the XI century, Yuanzhao made efforts to combine the canons of Tiantai and Lu and made a comment on the writings of Taoistuan for Tantai adherents [13] )
- Korean Yul-chon (Keyul, Namsan)
- Japanese Rissu : Tosedaiji-ha
- Xiangbu-zong ( Syfenluy-zong ) (based on the teachings of the Chengshi school) [14]
- Dunta-zong (based on the teachings of Sarvastivada) [15]
- Nanshan-zong [11] (based on the doctrine of Yogachara’s doctrine [12] . In the XI century, Yuanzhao made efforts to combine the canons of Tiantai and Lu and made a comment on the writings of Taoistuan for Tantai adherents [13] )
In addition, the Chinese canon contains the Vinaya charters of the schools of Sarvastivada, Mulasarvastivada, Mahischasaka, Mahasanghika [16] , Kashyapiya, Sammatiya [17]
Other influences on late schools:
- Sino-Korean-Japanese school Chengshi-zong ( Sonsil Chon, Joujitsu-shu) (satyasiddhi / tattvasiddhi) is considered an offshoot of the Sautrantika , Dharmaguptaka or Bakhushrutiya schools (absorbed by the Sanlun and Fasyan schools).
- Chinese school [old] [A] pitan zong (abhidharma) was based on the interpretation of the abhidharmic texts of the school of Sarvastivada
- Sino-Korean-Japanese Jiuhe -zong (cor. Kusa-jong, Jap. Kusya-hsiu :) (kosh) or the new pitan-zong (abhidharma) is considered a branch of the Sarvastivada / Sautrantika school (it is a sub-submission of the Fasyan / Hosso school).
The Abhidharmic treatises of Dharmaguptaki [18] and Sammatia [17] were also translated into Chinese; the Chinese canon included the sutras of Dharmaguptaki, Sarvastivada, Mahasanghiki and Kashyapiya [19] . All Tibetan and Mongolian monks follow the Vinaya Mulasarvastivada [20] [21] ; the Pratimoksha Sutra of Lokottarvadins and Ekavyavahariks was also known in Tibet [1] . In Tibetan monasteries, Abhidharma-kosh Vasubandhu is studied, and the canon included the sutras of the Mulasarvastivada and, in a small amount, Theravada [22] .
Theravada
Various Theravada schools are associated with commentary traditions on the Pali canon or with specific practices. There may be a significant difference in the interpretation of the rules of vinaya .
- Bangladesh :
- Sangharaj Nikaya
- Mahashabir-nikaya
- Burma : [23]
- Thudhamma Nikaya
- Vipassana teacher Mahashi Sayado and student line - U Ba Khin , Goenka , en: Insight Meditation Society
- Shvejin Nikaya
- Chatubhummika Mahasatipatthana Ngettwin Nikaya
- Dhammanudhamma Mahadvaya Nikaya
- Weiluwun Nika
- Dhammavinayuloma Muladvaya Nicaya
- Dhammayutika-Nikaya Mahayin
- Ganavimut Gado
- Anaukchaung Two
- Thudhamma Nikaya
- Sri Lanka :
- Siam Nikai
- Vaturavila (Mahavihara Vamsika Shyamopali Vasanav-nikai)
- Malvatta
- Asgiriya
- Amarapur-nickai
- Kanduboda (or Shvejin Nikay)
- Tapovana (or Kalyanavamsa)
- Amarapura Sirisaddhammavansa Maha Nikaya
- Amarapura Mulawamsika Nikaya
- Udarata Amarapur Nikaya
- Amarapura Sabaragamu Saddhamma Nikaya
- Saddhamma Yutthika (Matara) Nikaya
- Dadalu Paramparayatta Amarapura Nikaya
- Amarapura Mramavansabhidhaja
- Amarapura Vajiravansa Nikaya
- Sabaragamu Saddhammavansa Nikaya
- Amarapura Ariavansa Saddhamma Yuttika Nikaya
- Giulagandhi Nikaya
- Udarata Amarapura Samagri Sangha Sabhava
- Uva Amarapura Nikaya
- Amarapura Sri Dhammarakshita Nikaya
- Udukind Amarapur Nikaya
- Sambuddha Sasanodaya Sangha Sabhava
- Amarapura Maha Nikaya
- Sri Kalyanivansa Nikaya
- Ramannah Nikay
- Sri Kalyani Yogashrama Samstha (Galduva)
- Delduva
- Siam Nikai
- Thailand
- Maha-Nikai
- Dhammakaya
- Thammayut-nikay
- Thai Forest Tradition (kammatthana) (forest monks are in both nikayas) [24]
- Santi Asoke
- Xuan Mokkh
- Maha-Nikai
- Laos
- Maha-Nikai
- Thammayut-nikay
- Cambodia
- Moha-Nikai
- Thammayut-nikay
- India
- Maha Bodhi
- The Dalit Buddhist Movement , Navayana (Theravada with elements of the Mahayana and Vajrayana) (see Ambedkar, Bhimrao Ramji )
- Vietnam
- Jetavana Vihara (Kỳ Viên Tự) [25]
- Jetavana Vihara (Kỳ Viên Tự) [25]
- Friends of the Western Buddhist Community (Theravada with elements of Mahayana and Vajrayana)
Mahayana
- Madhyamaka
- Madhyamaka- ranktong (svabhavashunya, nihsvabhavavada)
- Prasangaka (the views of Galug, Drikung Kagyu, most Sakyapa and parts of the Karmapa lamas)
- Swatantrick
- Sautrantika-madhyamaka-svatantrika
- Yogachara-madhyamaka-svatantrika
- Madhyamaka- zhentong (parabhava-shunya) (Maha-Madhyamaka, Paramartha-Chittamatra [26] ) (the view of the Nyingma, parts of the Sakyapa and most Karmapa lamas, Drugpa Kagyu, Shangpa Kagyu, Jonang, Rime)
- Sutric Zhentong ( Sakya Chkhogden from Sakya School, based on the “Ten Sathras of the Tathagatagarbha ” and the five books of Maitreyanatha Asanga)
- Tantric Zhentong (based on the Kalachakra Tantra, combined by Dolpop Sherab Gyaltsen from the Jonang School with the Sutric)
- Detong [27]
- Sanlun- zong ("school of three treatises")
- Sanron- shu: - Japanese version (absorbed by the Tendai school)
- Samnon -cheon - Korean
- Madhyamaka- ranktong (svabhavashunya, nihsvabhavavada)
- Theory of the Tathagatagarbha (“Dhatuvada”) (see Tathagatagarbha )
- Yogachara (Vijnanavada, Chittamatra)
- In relation to the perceived:
- Sakaravada (Tib. Namdenpa [28] )
- Zunzin dzhannyampa (gZung -'dzin grang-mnyam-pa, "an equal number of objects and subjects") [8]
- Gon (g) a cezalva (sGo-nga phyed-tshal-ba, “half an egg”) [8]
- Natsog nimepa (sNa-tshogs gnyis-med-pa, "non-duality of varieties") [8]
- Nirakaravada (Anacaravada, Tib. Namzunpa [28] )
- Diji Namzunpa [29]
- Dime Namzunpa [29]
- Sakaravada (Tib. Namdenpa [28] )
- By recognized authority:
- Agamanusarino-vijnanavada (followers of the five treatises of Asangi-Maitreyanatha) [29]
- Nyayanusarino-vijnanavada (followers of the seven logical treatises of the Dharmakirti) [29]
- Regional options:
- Weishi- tszun (Vijnyaptimatra, “the school of only consciousness”, also Fasyan-tszun (dharmalakshana), tsien-tszun; the scientist Ouyang Jingyu considered Weishi and Fasyan to be different schools [30] ) (sakaravada) [31]
- Subtraction of Kuiji (main line) [32]
- Subtraction of Yuanze ( Wonchhyka ) (nirakaravada) [31]
- Xin Weishi Lun (“New Yogachara”) [33]
- Jushe Zong - see above
- Popsan Chon (Yusik, Chaing) - Korean
- Hosso : -siu: - Japanese version
- Kusya-syu: - see above
- Sho: toku-shu: (See Sёtoku , Horyu-ji )
- Kita-Hosso: -siu: [34]
- Dilun zong (dashabhumika): [35]
- Northern direction (joined the Fasyan school)
- Southerly (absorbed by Huayan School)
- Shelun (samgraha) (merged with the school of Fasyan ) (nirakaravada)) [31]
- Sho: ron -siu: - Japanese version [36]
- Weishi- tszun (Vijnyaptimatra, “the school of only consciousness”, also Fasyan-tszun (dharmalakshana), tsien-tszun; the scientist Ouyang Jingyu considered Weishi and Fasyan to be different schools [30] ) (sakaravada) [31]
- Huayan Zong (Yuanzhong Zong) (avatamsaka)
- Baiyun-zong (joined Bailian-zong)
- Hwaom-jung (Wun-yun) - Korean
- Taehan bulgyo Wonhyo- jong ( Pŏpsŏn-jong (dharmata), Hedong, Chundo) - Korean school
- Jonghwa [37]
- Kegon- shu: - Japanese version (borrowed elements of Vajrayana)
Chan / Zen / Song / Thien (dhyana):
- Vinitaruchi (Tinidalyuti) is a Vietnamese school founded by a student of the third patriarch Sengzan
- Hiyansan - The Korean school, founded by a student of the fourth patriarch Taoin Pomnan, joined the Choge school
- Nyutou-tszun (Jap. Godzu) (goshringa) - a school founded by a student of the fourth patriarch TaoXing, adhered to the views of Madhyamaki [38]
- Schools founded by students of the Fifth Patriarch Hongzhen: [38]
- Zhisheng School, held the views of Vijnanavada
- Laolan school, held the views of Vijnanavada
- Xuanshi School, Vijnanavada
- Northern School ( Dongshan Fa Men , Bei Zong (Japanese Hoku-shu :)) - founded by Shaanxiu, adhered to the views of Vijnanavada
- Southern school (Nan-zong) - founded by Huineng , adhered to the views of Ekayana (see Tathagatagarbha )
- Baotan Zong (Sichuan Chan) [39]
- Heshan Mahayana School ( Tib. Ston-mun-pa , Chinese ex. 頓 門 , pall .: Dunmen ) (teachings preserved in the Kham Dzogchen line)
- Tsaoshi-bei-zong, Hezze-zong zong
- Tsaoshi Nan Zong (曹溪 南宗)
- Shitou-zong Qingyuan
- Tsaodong Zong
- Soto-shu - Japanese Version
- To: gen- ha (Vancy line [40] )
- Eiheiji Line [41]
- The line of Senye and Kyo: go: [42]
- Jiaquen Line [42]
- Ho: ko: -ha ( Kangan Guinea line ) [42]
- Keizan Line [42]
- Sambo: Kyo: dan
- en: White Plum Asanga
- That: me: -Ha
- That: ryo: -ha (東陵 派)
- Soto School Progressive Union [40]
- Nyo: paradise-syu:
- Kyu: sai-kyo: (救世 教)
- Ho: o: -kyo: (法王 教)
- To: gen- ha (Vancy line [40] )
- Sumisan - Korean school, joined the Choge school
- Taodong Tong - Vietnamese version
- Soto-shu - Japanese Version
- Yunmen-zong (Jap. Ummon-shu :, absorbed by the Rinzai school)
- Thao Dyong
- Fayan-zong (absorbed in Linji school) (yap. Ho: geng-shu :)
- Tsaodong Zong
- Hongzhou-zong Nanyue
- Linji
- Huanglun Zong (yap. O: ryu :)
- Yantsi-pai (yap. yo: gi)
- Hutsu (Jap. Kukyu) [40]
- Dahway [40]
- Nihon Daruma-syu: - Japanese school, absorbed in the tradition of Soto Dogen [43] [44]
- Linji
- Shitou-zong Qingyuan
- Baotan Zong (Sichuan Chan) [39]
- Fo Guang Shan (synthesis of Chan, Jingtu, Zhenyan. At the association there is Theravada Buddhism Development Fund, various schools of Tibetan Buddhism are represented)
- Rinzai - Japanese Version
- Rinjai-shu Genju: -ha [40]
- Rinzai-shu Moshinji - ha [40]
- Ichibata Yakushi Kyo: given
- Senko: -ha ( Kenninji ha) (line O: -ryu :, see above)
- Yo: gi ha (see above Yantsi-pai)
- Shou: iti ha ( Tofukuji ha )
- Daikaku -ha ( Kento: ji ha)
- Ho: kai ha (法 海派)
- Dayo: -Ha
- Gettan line (月 菴 宗 光)
- Secco line :
- Gottan ha
- Daikyu: -Ha
- Seikan ha (西 礀 派)
- Mugaku-ha ( Engakuji ha)
- Kyo: before: -ha (鏡 堂 派)
- Issan-ha ( Nanzenji-ha )
- Kosen-ha (古 先 派)
- Butsue ha (仏 慧 派)
- Chu: gan -Ha
- Seisetsu-ha (清 拙 派)
- Minky -Ha
- Dzikusen -Ha
- Gutu: -Ha
- Daisetsu -Ha
- Betsuden-ha (別 伝 派)
- Kokutaiji -Ha
- Daitokuji -Ha
- Kogakuji -Ha
- Tenryu: ji -Ha
- Eigenji -Ha
- Ho: ko: ji -Ha
- Sho: kokuji -Ha
- Butzu: Dzi -Ha
- Ko: sho: ji -Ha
- Obaku- shu: - Japanese school
- Fuke- shu: ( Hoto: ha) - Japanese school
- Lamte Tong - Vietnamese version
- Liu Quán
- branch you hieu
- en: Order of Interbeing (Dòng tu Tiếp Hiện) (Thien, Theravada, Huayan) [45]
- branch you hieu
- Liu Quán
- Imge-john - Korean
- Vo Ngon Thong School - Vietnamese
- Guiyang-tzun zong (absorbed by the Linji school) (yap. Iyo :)
- Chuklam [46]
- Korean schools (joined the Choge school):
- Silsansan
- Tonnisan
- Kajisan
- Sagulsan
- Songjusan
- Sajjasan
- Ponnimsan
- Shёitsu-ha (contains Vajrayana elements) [47]
- Hatto ha (contains Vajrayana elements) [47]
- Taehan Pulgy Choge-jong - Korean Order (combines the branches of Linji and Tsaodong)
- Hanguk Pulgyo: Thego-jong [48] - Korean Order
- Kwang Um Sung Jung-hwe - an international school founded by Korean master Sun Sang
- Won-john - Korean Order [49]
- Wonbulgyo - Korean School of Neo-Buddhism
Buddhism of the Pure Land (amidaism, amitoism):
- Цзинту-цзун
- Байлянь-цзун [50] — синкретическая школа
- Тиньдо-тонг — вьетнамский вариант
- Чŏнътхо-чонъ — корейский вариант
- Дзёдо -сю — японский вариант
- Тиндзэй-ха (鎮西派)
- Нисияма-ха (西山派)
- Дзё:до-сю: Сэйдзан Букакуса-ха
- Дзё: до-сю: Сэйдзан Дзэнриндзи -ха
- Нэмбуцу-сю: Самбо: удзан мурё:дзю-дзи
- Сэйдзан (элементы Ваджраяны)
- Дзи-сю:
- Тайма-ха
- Югё: -ха
- Икко:-ха
- Окутани-ха
- Рокудзё:-ха
- Сидзё:-ха
- Кайи-ха
- Рё: дзэн-ха
- Кокуа-ха
- Ития-ха
- Тэндо:-ха
- Гоэдо:-ха
- Дзи-сю:
- Ю:дзу-нэмбуцу-сю:
- Син-буддизм :
- Дзёдо-синсю
- Син-сю: О:тани-ха [40]
- Итто:-эн — японская синкретическая религия [40]
- Дзё:до-син-сю: Хигаси-Хонгандзи-ха
- Дзайданхо:дзин Хонган-дзи Идзидзайдан
- Дзё:до-синсю: Хонгандзи-ха
- Син буккё: до:сикай
- Сэкисэн-гацуха
- Дзё:до-син-сю: Синран-кай
- Дзё:до-син-сю: Ити-но-кай
- Син-сю: Такада-ха
- Син-сю: Букко:дзи-ха
- Син-сю: Ко:сё-ха
- Син-сю: Кибэ-ха
- Син-сю: Идзумодзи-ха
- Син-сю: Дзё:сё:дзи-ха
- Син-сю: Саммонто-ха
- Син-сю: Ямамото -ха
- Гэнсисин-сю: (原始眞宗)
- Каякабэ-кё:
- Син-сю: Дзё:ко:дзи-ха
- Син-сю: Тё:сэй-ха
- Син-сю: Кита-Хонгандзи-ха
- Дзё: до-синсю: До: бо: кё: дан (真宗北本願寺派)
- Дзё: до-синсинсю: Дзё: ко: дзи-ха (淨土真信宗浄光寺派)
- Монто-сю: Итими-ха
- Гуган-синсю:
- Буцугэн-сю: Энитикай
- Дзё:до-син-сю: Кэнго:ин-ха
- Дзё:до-син-сю: Кэко:-кай
- Буккё:-синсю: (仏教真宗)
- Син-сю: О:тани-ха [40]
- Дзёдо-синсю
- Тэндай Синдзэй-сю: (направление в школе Тэндай, см. ниже)
- Ко:мё: нэмбуцу сингосё: сю: (направление в Сингон, см. ниже)
- Непань-цзун (нирвана)— поглощена школой Тяньтай
- Ёльбан -чонъ (Сихын) — корейский вариант
- Тяньтай -цзун (школа Лотосовой сутры)
- Шаньцзя (山家) [51]
- Шаньвай (山外) [51]
- Тхиентхай -тонг — вьетнамский вариант
- Чхŏнтхэ -чон — корейский вариант
- Чхŏнтхэ соджа чонъ ( кор. 천태소자종 ? , 天台疏字宗? )
- Чхŏнтхэ пŏпса чонъ( кор. 천태법사종 ? , 千台法事宗? )
- Тэхан пульгё Пŏпхва чонъ [37]
- Пурип [37]
- Ильсон [37]
- Тэндай -сю: — японский вариант, содержит элементы Ваджраяны
- Эсин-рю: (恵心流) [52] → Кава-рю: («речное направление») [53]
- Хо: тибо:-рю:
- Сугиу-рю:
- Гё: сэнбо:-рю:
- Цутимикадо-мондзэки-рю:
- Данна-рю: (檀那流) [52] → Тани-рю: («равнинное направление») [53]
- Эко: бо:-рю:
- Бисямондо:-рю:
- Тикуринбо:-рю:
- Инокума-рю:
- Саммон-рю: («горная ветвь») [54] [55]
- Дзикаку-дайси -рю:
- Тэндай-дзимон-сю: («храмовая ветвь»)
- Тисё:-дайси -рю:
- Мии -рю:
- Хо: ман-рю:
- Хондзан- сюгэндо :-сю: [56]
- Тэндай Синдзэй-сю:
- Ва-сю
- Сё: каннон-сю:
- Кимпусэн Сюгэн хон-сю:
- Мё: гэн-сю: (妙見宗)
- Союз за реформу школы Тэндай [40]
- Анраку-рицу (Анраку-ха 安楽流) [52]
- Саммай-рю:
- Ано:-рю:
- Санно:-синто: — синкретическое движение, объединявшее синто , Тэндай и даосизм
- Курамако:-кё:
- Нэмбо:-синкё:
- Эсин-рю: (恵心流) [52] → Кава-рю: («речное направление») [53]
- Нитирэнизм : [57]
- Нитирэн-сю
- Итти-ха (почитание всей Лотосовой сутры)
- Минобу- монрю: ( Нико: -монрю:)
- Ниппондзан Мёходзи
- Рэй ю: кай
- Минобу- монрю: ( Нико: -монрю:)
- Итти-ха (почитание всей Лотосовой сутры)
- Нитирэн-сю
- Движения, вышедшие из Рэй ю кай ( ja:霊友会系教団 ):
- Риссё: ко:сэй кай
- Буссё гонэн кай кё:дан
- Мё:ти кай кё:дан
- Мё:до кай кё:дан
- Ко:до: кё:дан
- Дзайкэ буккё: кокоро но кай
- Сисин-кай
- Кисин-кай
- Сэйги-кай кё:дан
- Дайэй-кай кё:дан
- Нихон кэйсинсу:содзисю:дан
- Фумё:-кай кё:дан
- Хосси-сю:
- Рэй хо: кай
- Хама-ха ( Ниссё: -монрю:)
- Икэгами -монрю: ( Нитиро: -монрю:, Хикигаяцу-монрю: )
- Сидзё:-монрю: ( Нитидзо: -монрю:)
- Фудзю-фусэ-ха ( Нитио: -монрю:, Хонгэ-сё: сю:)
- Фудзю-фусэ Нитирэн Ко:мон сю: (Цудэра-ха, Фудо: си-ха)
- Нитирэн-сю: Фудзю-фусэ-ха (Хисаси-ха, До: си-ха)
- Хонгэ Нитирэн-сю (Киото)
- Фудзю-фусэ-ха ( Нитио: -монрю:, Хонгэ-сё: сю:)
- Рокудзё:-монрю: ( Нитидзё: -монрю: (日静門流))
- Сидзё:-монрю: ( Нитидзо: -монрю:)
- Накаяма-монрю: ( Нитидзё: -монрю: (日常門流))
- Сё:рэцу-ха (упор на второй и шестнадцатой главах Лотосовой сутры)
- Сяка хомбуцу рон (изначальный Будда — Шакьямуни ) :
- Нитидзю: -ха (выделилась из Нитидзё: -монрю: (日常門流))
- Кэмпон Хоккэ-сю: (Нитирэн-сю: Мё:мандзи -ха)
- Нитирэн-сю: Дзю:си-кай
- Хоммон Хоккэ-сю: (Нитирэн-сю: Хаппон-ха, Нитирю: -монрю:) (выделилась из Нитидзо:-монрю:)
- Хоммон Буцурю:-сю:
- Хоммон кё:о:-сю:
- Нитирэн сюги Буцурю:-ко:
- Хоккэ-сю: Хоммон-рю:
- Нитирэн-хоккэ-сю:
- Дзайкэ Нитирэн-сю: Дзё:фу: кай
- Хоммон Буцурю:-сю:
- Хоккэ-сю: симмон-рю: (Хоммё:-хоккэ-сю: , Нитисин -монрю:, Нитирэн-сю: Хонрю:дзи -ха) (выделилась из Нитидзо:-монрю:)
- Хоккэ-сю: дзиммон-рю: ( Нитидзин -монрю:, Нитирэн-сю: Хондзё:дзи -ха) (выделилась из Нитидзё: -монрю: (日静門流))
- Нитидзю: -ха (выделилась из Нитидзё: -монрю: (日常門流))
- Нитирэн хомбуцу рон (изначальный Будда — Нитирэн ) : Хоммон-сю: (Ко: мон-ха, Фудзи-монрю: , Никко: -монрю:)
- Кайдан -ха ( Нитимоку -монрю:)
- Нитирэн-сё:сю: ( Нитидо -монрю:, Сэкисан -ха, Нитирэн-сю: Фудзи -ха)
- Сё:син-кай
- Фудзи Тайсэки-дзи Кэнсё:-кай
- Сока Гаккай
- Сё: бо: Хоккэ-сю: (正法法華宗) (главный храм — Тайкё:-дзи )
- Хоммон-сё:сю:
- Ку - мё: -рё: дзан-ха ( Нитиго: -монрю:)
- Дай Нитирэн-сю:
- Нитирэн-сё:сю: ( Нитидо -монрю:, Сэкисан -ха, Нитирэн-сю: Фудзи -ха)
- Ко: то: хо: эн кай ( Китаяма -монрю:, Дансё-ха)
- Хоккэ-сю: Ко:-монрю: ( Нисияма -ха, Нитидай -монрю:)
- Нитирэн-хонсю: ( Ё:ходзи -ха, Ё:сан-ха, Нитидзон -монрю:)
- Кайдан -ха ( Нитимоку -монрю:)
- Сяка хомбуцу рон (изначальный Будда — Шакьямуни ) :
- Прогрессивный союз школы Нитирэн [40]
- Кокутю:-кай [40]
- Хонгэ мё: сю: рэммэй
- Хоккэ-Нитирэн-сю: (法華日蓮宗) (главный храм— Хо:рю:-дзи )
- Хомпа Нитирэн-сю: (本派日蓮宗) (главный храм — 宗祖寺)
- Хонгэ Нитирэн-сю: (本化日蓮宗) (Хёго, главный храм — 妙見寺)
- Хоккэ-синто: — почитание синтоистских ками в школе Нитирэна
- Нитирэн-сю: аойко:
- Хатидайрю:о: дайсидзэн айсин кё:дан
- Хатидайрю:о: дзинхакко: сё:дан
- Фудо: -сю: — японская школа [40]
- Критический буддизм (хихан буккё) — японско-китайское течение
- Чань сюэ ('учение о созерцании') — направление в китайском буддизме III—V в., делавшее акцент на практике сидячей медитации. Повлияло в дальнейшем на школы Тяньтай и Чань [58]
- Божо сюэ ('учение о мудрости') — направление в китайском буддизме III—VI в., делавшее акцент на изучении и толковании сутр Праджняпарамиты, оказало влияние на школу Саньлунь : Лю цзя ци цзун [59] :
- Бэньу-цзун (本无宗)
- Бэньуи-цзун本无异宗
- Цзисэ-цзун即色宗
- Синьу-цзун心无义
- Ханьши-цзун含识宗
- Хуаньхуа-цзун幻化宗
- Юаньхуэй-цзун缘会宗
- Саньцзе-цзун [60] — китайская школа
- Быу шон ки хыонг («странный аромат с драгоценной горы») — синтез Махаяны и Тхеравады
- Фатзяо Хоахао — вьетнамская синкретическая школа
- Бинь сюен [25] — вьетнамская синкретическая секта
- Сутара-сю: (須多羅宗, «школа сутр») — японская школа, занималась толкованиями сутр Праджняпарамиты [36] .
- Сидзэнти-сю: (自然智宗, «школа естественной мудрости») [36] — японская школа
- Помун-чонъ — корейский женский орден [37]
- Милэ цзяо («Учение Майтреи») — китайская пробуддийская секта
- Лэнце-цзун (ланкаватара) — школа Ланкаватара-сутры , предшественница Чань
- Синсэй Буккё: Кё:дан — японская новая религия
- Томун-чонъ — корейская школа ( кор. 도문종 ? , 道門宗? )
Ваджраяна
Тибето-монгольский буддизм :
- Ньингма -па
- Международная Дзогчен -община, созданная Намкхаем Норбу Ринпоче (Санти Маха Сангха)
- Балагатское движение [61] → необуддизм Б. Д. Дандарона [62] [63]
- Шесть материнских монастырей:
- Дорчжэ Драг
- Миндролинг
- Палри
- Катхог
- Пельюль
- Дзогчен
- Шечен
- Известные циклы тэрма :
- Лонгчхэнь Ньингтхиг
- Чоклинг Терсар
- Намчхой
- Дуджом Терсар
- Джангтер
- Кхордонг Тер
Сарма-па :
- Сакья -па
- Собственно Сакья
- Нгор -па
- Цар -па
- Бодонг -па
- Булуг -па (Шалу)
- Цзонг
- Собственно Сакья
- Древняя Кадам -па [64] → Гэлуг -па (Новая Кадам-па) [65]
- Кагью(д) -па
- Шангпа Кагью (ныне не существует как отдельная школа, учения передаются в рамках других линий Кагью и Сакья)
- Марпа Кагью
- «Четыре великих колонны» (Ka-chen bzhi): [66]
- линия Ог Чойкьи-Дорже (rNgog Chos-kyi-rdo-rJe)
- линия Цура ('Tshur dBang-gi-rdo-rje)
- линия изложения согласно системе Мэцонпы (Mes-tshon-po dPyal-se-tsa)
- линии учеников Миларепы :
- Речунг Кагью (ныне не существует как отдельная школа)
- Дагпо Кагью
- Карма Кагью Камцханг
- Сурманг Кагью
- Шамбала-буддизм
- en:Celtic Buddhism
- Неньдо Кагью
- Гьялтёнь Кагью
- Буддизм Алмазного Пути Оле Нидала [67]
- Сурманг Кагью
- Цалпа Кагью (поглощена школой Гэлуг)
- Баром Кагью
- Пагдру Кагью (или П(х)агмо Д(р)укпа Кагью)
- Таглунг Кагью
- Верхняя Таглунг Кагью
- Нижняя Таглунг Кагью
- Тропху Кагью
- Лингре Кагью
- Друкпа Кагью
- Бар-Друкпа ( Верхняя Друкпа )
- Барава Кагью
- Мар-Друкпа ( Средняя Друкпа )
- Чжьянг-Друк (Северная Друкпа)
- Хло-Друкпа-Кагью (Южная Друкпа)
- То-Друкпа ( Нижняя Друкпа )
- Арья Майтрея Мандала (Другпа Кагью, Гэлуг, Чань, Тхеравада) [68]
- Бар-Друкпа ( Верхняя Друкпа )
- Друкпа Кагью
- Marzang Kagyu
- Elpa Kagyu (merged with Karma Kagyu)
- Yazang Kagyu
- Shugseb Kagyu (absorbed by the Nyingma school)
- Drikung Kagyu
- Hlangangpa (Hlapa)
- Dagpo Kagyu (a line of three uncles and nephews from Dagpo Tsalmi) [69]
- Таглунг Кагью
- Карма Кагью Камцханг
- Ka-Nying (Kagyu + Nyingma) [70]
- Ripa (ascetic yoga tradition in Kagyu and Nyingma) [71]
- Jonang Pa
- Dougel Shejed -pa and Chod (does not exist as a separate line, but the teachings are practiced in all schools):
- Shijed:
- High (early) line: [72]
- School Ma (rMa)
- Sochunwa School (So-chung-ba)
- Kama School (sKam Ye-shes rGyal-mtshan) [73]
- Top line
- Bottom line
- Midline: [74]
- Tapa School (Gra-pa mNgon-shes)
- Che School (lCe)
- Zhangchunwa School (lJang-chung-ba) [75]
- Small branch of the Midline (“Separate” line) - bRgyud-pa thor-bu-pa
- Junior (late) line [76]
- Secret "One" Line [77]
- High (early) line: [72]
- Chod : [78]
- Pho Chod (male chod)
- Mo Chod (Female Chod)
- Bon [79] [80] [81]
- Rime (extra -ectrical current)
Nevar Buddhism (see Nevarians #Religion )
East Asian Tantrism :
- Zhenyan- zong (mantra) ( Mi-zong )
- Shingon- shu: - Japanese version
- Kogi Shingon-shu: [82]
- Hirosawa-ryu: [83]
- Ono-ryu: (小野 流) [83]
- Ko: I-san Singon-syu: (see Koya-san )
- Chuin ryu
- Nakayama shingo sho: syu:
- Shingo shё: syu:
- Benten-shu: (see Saraswati )
- That: Ji Shingon-shu:
- Shingon-shu: Zenzu: Ji-ha
- Shingon-shu: Daigo ha
- Sinnyo: Summa Ryu:
- Shingon-shu: Omuro-ha
- Singon Rissu:
- Sinan-ryu: [84]
- Shobo Ritsu [85]
- Shingon-shu: Daikakuji-ha
- Shingon-shu: Sennu: Ji-ha
- Ko: me: nembutsu singingo: syu:
- Shingon-shu: Yamasina-ha
- Oh: no ha
- Sigisan Singon-syu:
- Shingon-shu: Nakayamadera -Ha
- Singon Sambo: -siu:
- Shingon-syu: Sumadera -Ha
- Shingon-shu: That: ji-ha
- Singi-Singon-syu:
- Shingon-syu: Tisan-ha
- Shingon syu: Buzan-ha
- Shingon-shu: Kokubunji-ha (真言 宗 国 分 寺 派)
- Shingon-shu: Muro: ji -Ha
- Shingon-shu: Inunaki-ha (真言 宗 犬 鳴 派)
- Tozan ha [56]
- Ryo: bu-shinto: (“Two-way Shinto”) - a current uniting the elements of Shinto , Shingon and Tendai
- Sinnyo en
- Agon-syu: - marginal Japanese school
- Tatikawa-ryu:
- Issai-syu:
- Gadatsu-kai - syncretic Shinto Buddhist religion
- Kogi Shingon-shu: [82]
- Tendai (comes from the Tiantai Chinese school, the secret teaching (mikkyo) is borrowed from Shingon) (see above)
- Chin-on Jung (Shin-in, Chingak) - Korean
- Jungji-jong ( cor. 총지종 ? , 摠 持 宗? ) - Korean school
- Mat-tong - Vietnamese version.
- Shingon- shu: - Japanese version
General Terms
- [Fa] shin-zong ("the school of the essence of dharm") - the generalized name of the schools of Huayan, Sanlun, Tiantai, Zhenyan (as opposed to [Fa] xiang - the school of "properties of dharm") [86]
- Red Riding Schools (zhwa dmar) - Nyingma, Kagyu, Sakya (as opposed to the yellow-cap (zhwa ser) Gelug and the black-cap (or white-cap - zhwa dkar) Bon (sometimes called the black-cap (zhwa nag) Karma Kagyu, Drugpa Kagyu and Driking Sag Kagan) [87]
- School of sutras (Jing Zong) - East Asian schools that are based directly on the sutras, and did not have an exact Indian counterpart - Tiantai (Fahua), Huayan, Nepan, Lentse, Nitiren (Hokke), Sutara.
- Schools of treatises (Lun Zong) - Shastra-based East Asian schools - Sanlun (Sylun), Fasyang / Weishi, Shelun, Dilun, Chengshi, Jiuhe, Pitan.
- Schools of contemplation (chan zong) are East Asian schools that focus on the practice of psychotechnology - Chan, Zhengyan, Lu, Jintu.
- Five houses and seven schools (with Jia, Qi Zong) Chan - Guiyang, Fayan, Yunmen, Tsaodong, Linji and two branches of Linji - Huanglong and Yangzi.
- Five doctrines [of schools] and nine mountains (o-gyo (john), ku san) from the era of Silla and the early Koryo - Keul (Namsan), Popson (Chundo), Popsan (Chayn), Won-yun (Hwaom), Yolban and Nine Sleep Schools [88]
- Five doctrinal and nine meditation [schools] (o-gyo yan-jŏn) of Korean Buddhism - Keyul, Popsan, Chundo, Hwaom, Siheung; Song and Cheonghae; later merged into two schools - doctrinal and contemplative ( 선교 양종 ) [88]
- Nine Mountains (ku san) dream of Buddhism: Silsansan, Tonnisan, Kajisan, Sagulsan, Songjusan, Sajasan, Ponnimsan, Sumisan, Hiyansan.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Goy-lotsava. S. 40
- ↑ Dzunba Kunchog Zhigme Vanbo. S. 17
- ↑ 1 2 Dzunba Kunchog Zhigme Vanbo. S. 18
- ↑ A. Terentyev. Vajrayana Writing Classifications
- ↑ Shokhin, p. 143
- ↑ Shokhin. S. 154
- ↑ Dzunba Kunchog Zhigme Vanbo. S. 29
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Dzunba Kunchog Zhigme Vanbo. S. 39; Klein. P. 108
- ↑ 1 2 Shokhin. S. 133
- ↑ 1 2 Akira Hirakawa, Paul Groner. P. 116
- ↑ It is subdivided into two directions: one focuses on the external observance of disciplinary rules, the second on meditation practice and comprehension through it of “internal” prescriptions, while external rules play a secondary role. Chinese philosophy. S. 198
- ↑ Ignatovich A.N. Nanshan-zong // Buddhism .
- ↑ Chinese philosophy. S. 197
- ↑ Torchinov E.A. Syfenlyuy-zong // Buddhism .
- ↑ Wen Jinyu. S. 138
- ↑ Lysenko. S. 99
- ↑ 1 2 Shokhin, 140
- ↑ Shokhin. S. 126
- ↑ Muller, Charles. Digital Dictionary of Buddhism, article on 阿含 經 (link not available)
- ↑ A. Berzin. History of the Mulasarvastivada Ordination Lineages in Tibet
- ↑ Goy Lotsava. S. 43, 559
- ↑ Theravada literature in Tibetan translation (overview of Peter Skilling's article)
- ↑ Gutter. P. 10
- ↑ Thanissaro Bhikkhu. Traditions of the Noble
- ↑ 1 2 Handbook of an Atheist. - 9th ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Politizdat, 1987
- ↑ Orlov. 2.2.12. Chittamatra and Zhentong // Chittamatra: Myth and Reality . Archived November 11, 2014 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Ole Nydahl. S. 30. Cit. by Terentyev A. Where does the “Diamond Way” lead to?
- ↑ 1 2 Dzunba Kunchog Zhigme Vanbo. S. 38
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Dzunba Kunchog Zhigme Vanbo. S. 41
- ↑ Chinese philosophy. S. 245
- ↑ 1 2 3 Jan Bayi, p. 148
- ↑ Lenkov, p. 96
- ↑ Chinese philosophy. S. 302-303
- ↑ MKOK
- ↑ Anashina
- ↑ 1 2 3 N.N. Trubnikova. Six Buddhist schools of the Nara period
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Other Orders (inaccessible link)
- ↑ 1 2 Chinese philosophy. S. 439-440
- ↑ corned beef
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Buddhism in Japan. Repl. ed. T.P. Grigorieva. M .: Nauka, 1993
- ↑ Dumoulin, 137
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Dumoulin, 138
- ↑ Kyogen Carlson. Some Soto Zen History: Japan Trip 2002 - Wrap-up // Stillpoint, Volume XXVIII, Number 5. September October 2003 (link not available) . Date of treatment April 10, 2011. Archived July 23, 2008.
- ↑ Bernard Fore. Daruma-shu, Dogen and Soto Zen (Faure, Bernard. The Daruma-shu, Dogen and Soto Zen. "Monumenta Nipponica", 1987, vol. 42, Nr. 1, pp. 25-55), Translated from English: A. G. Fesyun, 2000
- ↑ McMahan. P. 158
- ↑ Torchinov. S. 199
- ↑ 1 2 Maslov A.A. Secret codes of martial arts of Japan. M., 2006
- ↑ Chatterbox. S. 92
- ↑ The Wonjong Reform Movement (link not available)
- ↑ Chinese philosophy. S. 18-20
- ↑ 1 2 Chinese philosophy. S. 333
- ↑ 1 2 3 Buddhism in Japan. S. 288
- ↑ 1 2 Trubnikova N. N. The veneration of the Buddha Amida and his “Pure Land”
- ↑ Nakorchevsky. S. 356, 365
- ↑ Buddhism in Japan. S. 98
- ↑ 1 2 Buddhism in Japan. S. 292
- ↑ 日 蓮 AC - 日 蓮 教 団 系譜 (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment April 16, 2011. Archived March 24, 2017.
- ↑ Chinese philosophy. S. 439
- ↑ Chinese philosophy. S. 27-28
- ↑ Jan van Bragt. The doctrine of the end of the world in Christianity and Buddhism. (Bragt Jv Apocalyptic Thought in Christianity and Buddhism // Japanese Religions. Vol. 23 (1 & 2). T., 2000. P. 11-28) Per. from English K. A. Kolkunova, ed. N. N. Trubnikova, 2005
- ↑ Zhukovskaya N.L. Balagat movement // Buddhism .
- ↑ Garmaev Dmitry Oydopovich. The philosophical foundations of neo-Buddhism B.D. Dandaron: Dis. ... cand. Philos. sciences. M., 2005
- ↑ Completeness of the Sermon (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Gampopa combined the teachings of Kagyu and Kadam at his school; lodgong teachings also entered Nyingma and Sakya
- ↑ Tsongkhapa created a new school based on Kadam, also introducing the teachings of Sakya, Kagyu and Nyingma
- ↑ Goy Lotsava. S. 227-8
- ↑ Burlatskaya, p. 80. Cit. by Terentyev A. Where does the “Diamond Way” lead to?
- ↑ Perekatieva N.V. S. 55-62]
- ↑ The History of Taklung Kagyu Lineage
- ↑ Lineage - Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling unopened (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment April 5, 2011. Archived June 10, 2016.
- ↑ Ripa Lineage
- ↑ Goy Lotsava. S. 454
- ↑ Goy Lotsava. S. 469
- ↑ Goy Lotsava. S. 473
- ↑ Goy Lotsava. S. 476
- ↑ Goy Lotsava. S. 477
- ↑ Goy Lotsava. S. 481
- ↑ Goy Lotsava. S. 515
- ↑ Indo-Tibetan Buddhism. Encyclopedic Dictionary. V.P. Androsov, RAS RAS, ISBN 978-5-91994-007-4 , 2011 "BON - 1) the autochthonous religion of Tibetans, akin to the shamanism of Central and North Asia; 2) one of the schools of Tibetan Buddhism, operating until now ... Nowadays monasteries Bona continue to operate in Tibet, especially in Kham and Amdo, as well as in China, rightly considered the fifth main school of Tibetan Buddhism. "
- ↑ Bon and Tibetan Buddhism. Dr. Alexander Berzin. Publish Study Buddhism. "When His Holiness the Dalai Lama speaks of Tibetan traditions, he often mentions the five traditions of Tibet: Nyingma, Kagyu, Sakya, Gelug and Bon. From the point of view of His Holiness, Bon stands in line with the directions of Tibetan Buddhism."
- ↑ Dr. Alexander Berzin. Berlin, 2000. Publication of the site of the St. Petersburg Datsan Gunzechoynei. “It is usually said that in Tibet there are four spiritual traditions: Nyingma, Kagyu, Sakya and Gelug, and Gelug is the heiress of the earlier Kadam tradition, appearing as a result of its reformation. However, when in December 1988 His Holiness the Dalai Lama convened in Indian Sarnath, the conference of tulku (lamas of the reincarnation) of different traditions, he emphasized that it is important to include Bon in the number of Tibetan traditions and pre-Buddhist tradition, thus speaking about the five Tibetan traditions. "
- ↑ Ignatovich A.N. Shingon-syu // Buddhism .
- ↑ 1 2 N.N. Trubnikova. The development of rituals at Shingon school in the IX — X centuries.
- ↑ Buddhism in Japan. S. 289
- ↑ Buddhism in Japan. S. 289-292
- ↑ Soothill, Hodous, 270; Chinese philosophy, p. 351
- ↑ Geshe Tenzin Friend Drag. The most important information regarding Bon Teachings in questions and answers; Archived copy of April 24, 2012 on the Wayback Machine ; Puchkov, s. 189; Tsybikov, ss. 89, 105, E. D. Ogneva. Karmapa // Buddhism .
- ↑ 1 2 Charles Muller. Korean Buddhism: A Short Overview (link not available)
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