Voronin, Mikhail Stepanovich

Having received a very thorough home education under the guidance of a German teacher, Voronin, sixteen years old, entered the Imperial St. Petersburg University (1854), where he first became acquainted with botany from the lectures of Professor Tsenkovsky . In 1858, he completed the course as a candidate , receiving a silver medal for his dissertation on geological content.

At the end of the university, together with his university friend A.S. Faminic, he went abroad. In Germany, he worked in Heidelberg in a laboratory led by Gaulle , and then in Freiberg , where he found a worthy leader in the person of Professor de Bari . In those days, Germany did not yet possess those vast and palace-like academic institutions that subsequently were erected not only in the capitals, but also in many of the university cities. Freiberg's botanical office consisted of only one room at the greenhouse. Here Voronin finally indulged in the study of botany and learned to work persistently and methodically. In the laboratory of De Bari M.S. Voronin performed the first botanical work - on the anatomy of the stem Calycanthus .

In 1860, Voronin went to Antibes , a place on the shores of the Gulf of Genoa, where he lived as a hermit scientist French botanist - algologist Gustave Turet . Under his leadership, Voronin used spring and summer to study algae and did his first algological work (“Studies on the algae Acetabularia and Espera ”), which served as his dissertation for a master ’s degree , which he received in 1861 from St. Petersburg University. Voronin received his doctorate in 1874 from the Novorossiysk University in Odessa - honoris causa without defending a dissertation, noting with this election the outstanding significance of his work.

In 1884, M. S. Voronin was elected a corresponding member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences , where he became head of the spore plant department.

Forced to frequent absences and even to stay abroad for health reasons, Voronin could not give himself up to professorship. Nevertheless, in 1869-1870 he lectured on mycology as a privat-docent of St. Petersburg University, and in 1873-1875 - on medical courses for women - on mycology and cell morphology .

Numerous scientific works of Voronin concern mainly the class of fungi (mycology) and those lower organisms that stand on the verge between animals and plants. His scientific merits are very significant. He discovered, thoroughly studied and described many highly important not only in the botanical, but also in the general biological sense of lower organisms. Incidentally, he belongs to the discovery of the organism that lives in the nodules of many leguminous plants, contributing to the accumulation of nitrogen in the soil air and its transfer to the plant itself. Mushroom sunflower disease is discovered and studied by him; the same should be said about the disease of cabbage plants.

All works of Voronin are very accurate. His drawings, which modern morphology cannot do without, are exemplary. Therefore, we find them reprinted in all any extensive Russian manuals, but mostly foreign ones. He published his works in German and French, but almost always also in Russian, some of them only in Russian.

M.S. Voronin paid much attention to scientific and social activities. From the beginning of the Petersburg Society of Naturalists (1868) until the end of his life, he was an active member of this scientific society, acting as secretary of the botanical department. In 1878, the Russian Society of Horticulture awarded M. S. Voronin a gold medal for the study of cabbage keel, and in 1882, the Academy of Sciences awarded him a prize named after K. F. Baer for his mycological studies. Voronin was elected an honorary member of the Moscow Society of Naturalists (1864), the Society of Lovers of Natural History, Anthropology and Ethnography (1889), the Russian Society of Gardening (1891), the St. Petersburg Society of Naturalists (1894), the German Botanical Society (1895), Kharkov and Yuryev Universities ( 1902). The Linnaeus Society of London elected M.S. Voronin among its foreign members.

M.S. Voronin died on March 4, 1903. Death found him studying the contents of the stomach of a mammoth brought to the Academy of Sciences of one of the northern expeditions. He was buried in St. Petersburg at the Novodevichy Cemetery ^[2] .

Recognizing the merits of science, the name of Voronin is the genus of siphon algae - Woroninia , two genera of chytrid fungi - Woroninella and Woronina .

• Ueber den Bau des Stammes von Caclyanthus, Bot. Zeit., 1860
• Studies on the algae Acetabularia and Espera (Master's thesis, 1861)
• A. de Bary und M. Woronin. Beitrag des Chytridieen. // Berichte über die Verhandlungen der naturforsch. Gesellsch. zu Freiburg (mit 2 Tafeln)
• M. Woronin, Ueber die bei der Alnus glutinosa und der Lupinus mutabilis auftretenden Wurzelaufschwellungen. // Mém. de l'Acad. Imp. des Sciences de St-Petersbourg, 1866 (mit 2 Tafeln)
• On polymorphism seen in the reproductive organs of fungi belonging to the Pyrenomycetes department // Appendix to volume III of the Proceedings of the Russian Entomological Society for the Botanical Branch, St. Petersburg, 1866
• A. de Bary und M. Woronin. Zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Ascobolus pulcherrimus Cr. und einiger Pezizen // Beiträge zur Morphologie und Physiologie der Pilze, 1866 (mit 4 Tafeln)
• Zur Kenntniss der Mucorinen. I. Mucor Mucedo. 1866
• ExoblasidiumVaccinii // Berichte über die Verhandlungen der naturf. Gesellsch. zu Freiburg ", 1867 (3 Tafeln)
• Neuer Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Chytridieen // Botan. Zeit., 1868
• Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Vaucherien, 1869 (mit 2 Tafeln)
• Mycological studies. SPb., 1869 (with 6 chromolithographic tables)
• Research on the development of the rust fungus Puccinia Helianthi causing sunflower disease // Transactions of St. Petersburg. Society of Naturalists, 1871 (with 2 tables)
• Studies on gonidia of lichen Parmelia pulverulenta Ach. // Proceedings of St. Petersburg. Society of Naturalists, vol. III, 1872 (from 1 tab.)
• A. Faminzin und M. Woronin. Ueber zwei neue Formen von Schleimpilzen Ceratium hydnoides und Cer. parioides // Mém. de l'Acad. I. d. Sc. de St.-P., 1873 (3 Tafeln)
• Plasmodi ophora Brassicae - an organism that causes cabbage plants a disease known as keels // Transactions of St. Petersburg. Society of Naturalists, 1877 (with 6 tables)
• Rostafinsky und Woronin. Ueber Botrydium Granulatum // Botan. Zeit., 1877 (3 Tafeln)
• Nachträgliche Notiz zur Frage der Kohlpflanzenbernie // Bot. Zeit., 1880
• Vaucheria de Baryaana n. sp. // Botan. Zeit., 1880 (mit 1 Tafel)
• Chromophyton Rosanoffii // Botan. Zeit., 1880 (mit 1 Tafel)
• Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Ustilagineen. 1882 (4 Tafeln)
• Notiz über die Structur der Blätter von Statice monopetala L. // Botan. Zeit., 1885 (1 Tafel)
• Bemerkungen zu dem Aufsatze von H. Möller über Plasmodiophora alni // Berichte d. deut. bot. Gesellsch., 1885
• Ueber die Pilzwurzel (Mycorrhiza) von B. Frank. // Berichte d. deut. bot. Gesellsch., 1885
• On the issue of the mulberry tree disease "Kumeyul." // Proceedings of the Caucasian Society of Agriculture, Tiflis, 1886
• Ueber die Sclerotienkrankheit der Vaccinien-Beeren // Mém. de l'Acad. d. Sc. de St.-P., 1888 (mit 10 Tafeln)
• About drunk bread in the South Ussuri region // Diary and Proceedings of the VIII Congress of Russian Naturalists and Doctors in St. Petersburg, 1889-1890
• Bemerkungen zu Ludwig's Sclerotinia Aucupariae // Ber. d. deutsch. botan. Gesellsch., 1891, T. IX, Heft. four.

• Beketov A.N. Voronin, Mikhail Stepanovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Parnes V.A. , Mikhail Stepanovich Voronin. - M. , 1976
• Voronin Mikhail Stepanovich // Biographical Dictionary: The highest ranks of the Russian Empire (10.22.1721 - 03.03.1917): in 3 volumes / comp. E. L. Potemkin. - M .: [b. and.], 2017. - T. I: A — Z. - S. 314. - 623 p.